Charles S. Cleeland The Brief Pain Inventory ii manual

The Brie f Pain Inv ento ry User Gu ide Char les S. Cleelan d, P hD ii C opyright a nd T erms o f Us e The B rie f Pa in In vento ry (BPI) copy righ t is held b y Dr. C harles S. C leelan d (19 91) . The c opyri gh t appl ies to t he BPI a nd all it s der iv at iv es in an y l ang ua ge. T he B PI may no t be us ed or repro du ced with out perm iss[...]

i Tab l e of Con ten ts C hap te r 1 ... ....... ....... ....... ........ ....... ....... ....... .... ....... . 1 D evel opm ent o f th e Br ie f P ain In v en to ry ...... ....... . 1 Ba ckgr ound ..... ....... ....... ....... ........ ....... ....... ....... . 1 Devel op ing a M e as ureme nt Model an d I t ems 2 Tes t C on str uct ion S t a nda[...]

1 Chapt er 1 De ve l op m en t o f th e Br ie f P a in I n ven tor y The B rie f Pa in In vento ry (B PI) h as beco me one of the most w i d ely used me asureme nt tool s for as se ssing cl inical p ain. Th e BPI allow s pat i e nts t o r ate t h e s e v er ity of t hei r pain and t h e deg ree t o wh ich the ir pai n int erfer es with co mm on d i[...]

3 would b e e asil y tra nslated for no n-Engl ish- spea k in g p atients; and (e) w ou ld ca pture not on ly pai n sev erity, b ut a lso the pe rcep tion of how p ain in terfe r ed with dai ly l ife . Test Constructio n Stan dards As a gu id e to sca l e co nstruct i o n, we used then -cu rrent psy c hom e tr ic stand ards fou nd in t he St and a [...]

5 E arl y V ersi on: The W is c onsi n Br i ef Pai n Q u est ion n air e The fi rst v ersio n of ou r p ain measu re was the Wi sco nsi n Bri ef Pai n Question nair e (BPQ ; Daut & Cleelan d, 1982 ; Daut , Cleel and, & Fla nery, 1983 ) . In t he init i al p hase of sc ale de ve l opment , 6 67 patient s with c ancer and 32 patient s with r [...]

7 in cl i nical and r esear ch a ppl icatio ns . The short for m is t ypicall y wha t is refe rred t o when the BPI is ci ted in res earc h, and i t is the ve rsio n we descri be be low. Mo st p syc hometri c ev alua tions of t he BPI hav e been perf ormed o n the sho r t form. Scoring the Brief Pain Invento r y as an Outcome Measure A rec ent con [...]

9 from 8 0 cent e rs we r e enroll ed in the study (Cl eeland et al., 199 4 ). Fact o r analy sis ver if ie d t he two separ ate fa ctors, pain se v er i t y an d interf e r ence, fo und in th e pr e v iou s study . Internal stabil i t y (Cr o nb a c h al ph a) was also exam in e d in th is st u dy . Alpha s showed go od in terna l con sistenc y , [...]

11 Tes t-Retes t Rel i abili ty and Alte rnate-Fo rms Reli ability : the Hindi T r an s la ti o n Fin all y , on e st udy comb ined an e xam i nat i on of bot h t est -r e t est rel i ab i l i ty a nd altern ate-f orms reliab i lit y (Saxena et al ., 1999 ) . I n th is stud y, 100 pat ie nts wit h cancer w ho s p o k e bot h E n gl ish and Hind i c[...]

13 cl i nical tr ials: IMMPAC T recomm endation s. J Pa in 9(2 ): 105-121, 2 /2008. Food and Dru g Adminis tr ation. Gui del ines for Indust ry (draft ). Pat i e nt - Reported O utcome Mea sures: Use in Med ical Produ ct Deve l opmen t to Sup port Labeling C laims. 20 06. Rockvil le MD, U.S . D epartm ent of Healt h and H uman S e r v ices . Re f T[...]

15 Chapt er 2 BPI Ref erenc e s: Use of the B P I in Various St udies The B r ief Pai n I n ve ntory h as been use d in more tha n 4 00 s t udie s worldwi de. Here w e prese n t BPI refer ences cat egor ized b y type of s t udy. Can cer Bo ne P ai n .... ........ ... .... ... ....... ........ ....... .....16 Can cer E pide mi ol o gy ...... ... ...[...]

17 in du ced pain flar e after pall iat ive r a d iot herapy for bone met astases-a pilot st udy. Sup port Care Canc er 15 (6): 643-647 , 6 /2007. 8. Cleel and CS. The m easurem e nt o f pain f rom m etast at ic b one d iseas e: capt uring t he patient ' s e xperie n ce. Clin Cancer Res 1 2(20 Pt 2 ): 623 6s-6 242s, 10 /2006. 9. Co le lla J, S[...]

19 met astases in cancer pat ients]. Nippon Iga ku Ho sha sen Gakk ai Zassh i 65(4 ): 399-410 , 1 0 /2005. 24. Pi stev ou-G ompaki K, Kou lou lias V E, V arv eri s C, Mys takid ou K, Georg akop oulo s G, E lef theria dis N , Gomp akis N, Ko uv aris J . Rad i ot he r apy plu s eith er tr ansderm al fenta nyl or para cetam o l and codein e for pa i n[...]

21 9. Ho ltan A , Aass N, N ordoy T, Haugen DF, Ka asa S, Mo hr W, Ko ng s ga ard UE. Pre valen c e o f pain in hosp italised can cer pat i e nts i n N o r w a y: a nat i o nal su r v ey. P all i at Med 21(1): 7-13, 1 /2007. 10. Kong sgaard UE, Holta n A, Aa ss N. Prev alence of can cer pa in in out patient s at a N o r wegian c o m pr ehen siv e c[...]

23 Cooperat iv e On cology Grou p. Ann O ncol 16( 6 ) : 9 72-980, 6 /2005. 11. Du Pen SL, Du Pen AR , Po l issa r N, Ha nsb erry J , Krayb i ll BM, Sti llma n M, Pank e J , Eve rly R, Sy rj ala K. I m p lemen ti ng gu i d el ines for cancer p ain m anag e m e nt : r esults of a r andomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Onc ol 17(1 ): 361- 3 70,[...]

25 28. Li ang SY, Ya tes P, Edw ards H , Ts ay SL. Facto r s inf luenci ng op io id -ta k in g sel f-efficac y and an alg esic adh erence in Ta iwa nese outp atient s with ca nce r . Psyc hoo ncol og y, 3/2008. 29. Lin CC. Comp ar iso n of the e ffects of p e r ceived self- effica cy on co ping w it h ch r onic cance r pain an d copi ng wi th ch ro[...]

27 mor ph i n e p r e-tre ated an d o pioi d n aive pat ients w ith tr ansdermal f entanyl. Int J Ca ncer 107(3 ): 486-49 2, 11 /2003. 46. Mysta k i d ou K, Par pa E, Kat souda E , Gala nos A, V laho s L. Influ ence o f p a i n an d qual i ty of l ife on desir e for h ast ened death in patie nts with advanced cance r. In t J Pa llia t Nurs 1 0(10 )[...]

29 popula tion of men with pros ta te cance r. B r J Ca ncer 85(4) : 4 97-50 3, 8/2001. 62. Sa ndb lom G , Car lsson P, Sennf alt K , V arenho rs t E. A populatio n-base d study of pain an d qu a lity of life du r ing the year befor e d e ath in m en wi t h prost ate can cer. Br J C ancer 9 0(6): 1 163-1168, 3 / 2004. 63. Sei d man AD , Porte noy R[...]

31 Depressive Disorders 1. Bran nan S K, M allinc krod t CH, B rown EB, Wo hlreic h M M, Watkin JG, Sc hatzb erg A F . Dulox eti ne 6 0 mg onc e -d ai ly in the tr e atm ent of pain fu l physical symptom s in pat ients wi t h m ajo r dep r e ssi v e dis o rde r. J Ps ychi at r R es 39 (1) : 4 3- 53, 1/ 200 5. 2. Br echt S, Court ecuis se C, Debie u[...]

33 7. Schif f m ann R , K opp JB , Austin H A, I II, Sabni s S, M oore D F, Weibel T, Ba low JE , Bra dy RO. En zyme r e place ment the r apy i n Fa bry dis ea se: a r ando mi ze d co ntr oll ed t r ial. JA MA 285 (21 ): 2 743-2 749, 6/200 1. F ib romy a lg ia 1. Arms trong DG , Chapp ell AS, Le TK , Kajdas z DK, B acko nja M , D'Sou za DN , R[...]

35 8. New shan G, L efko w itz M. Tran sderm al fent anyl f o r chronic pain in AID S: a pi lo t study . J Pai n Symp tom Manage 21(1): 69- 7 7, 1/2001 . 9. Sim monds M J, N o v y D, San dov al R. The diff ere ntia l inf lue nce o f pai n and fat igue on ph ys ical per forman ce and h ealth stat u s i n am bulatory patie nts wit h h uman immu nodef[...]

37 8. Chae J , M asca renhas D , Yu D T, Ki rstein s A , Elovi c EP , F lan agan SR , Harv ey RL, Z orow it z RD, F ang ZP. Pos ts troke shou lder pain : its re la tionshi p to moto r i mpai rmen t, acti vi ty limi ta ti on, and qual i ty of life. A rc h P hys Med Rehabil 88(3 ) : 2 98-301, 3 /2007. 9. Dalp iaz AS, D o d ds TA. My ofas cial pain re[...]

39 28. Renzen brink G J, IJz erman MJ. Per cutaneo us ne uromus cular electr i cal stimulation (P-NMES) for tr eating shoulde r pain in chro nic he mip legi a. Effe cts on sho u lder pai n and q ua lity of l i fe. Cl i n Re habil 18 (4) : 359-365, 6 / 200 4. 29. Saw a tzky BJ, Slob ogean G P, Rei lly CW, Chamber s CT, Ho l AT. Pr eva l en ce of sho[...]

41 val proate in p at ients with can cer-r e lat ed neuro pathic p ain. J Pa i n Sym ptom Ma na ge 21(3 ) : 204 - 2 09, 3/2001. 9. Ka tz N P, Ga mmaito ni AR, Da vis MW, D wo rkin R H. Lidoc aine pat ch 5 % r educe s pain int ensity and inter ferenc e w it h quality o f l i fe in patients with post herpet ic neur algia : an ef fectivenes s tr i al.[...]

43 5. Cowan DT, Wilso n-Ba rnett J, Griffi ths P, V aughan D J, G on dhia A, Allan LG. A random ized, double-b l in d, placebo -con trolled, cro ss-over pilot stud y to asse s s the eff ects of long-t e r m opio i d drug co nsu mp ti on and sub se quen t abs t ine nce i n c hro nic non c an cer pa i n p atient s rec eiving contr oll ed-releas e mor[...]

45 fi ndings f ro m a pilo t s tudy. J Op ioid Manag 3(3) : 145 -154, 5 /2007. 22. Thi e NM , Pras ad NG, Ma jor PW. Ev aluati on of g lucos amin e s ulfate compare d t o ibu profen fo r the tre atm e nt o f tem porom and i b ular joi nt osteoart hr i t i s: a ran do m ized doubl e bli nd contro lled 3 month c lin ica l t ria l . J Rhe u m a to l 2[...]

47 5. Da v ison SN. P ain in hem odialysis pat ients: pre val ence, cau se, s everit y, and m ana gement . A m J Ki dne y Di s 42(6 ): 1239 - 1247, 1 2/2003. 6. Dell D D, We av er C, Ko ze mpel J, B a rsevi ck A. R ecov e ry afte r tr ansvers e r ectus abdom inis m y ocutan eous flap brea s t r econ stru ct io n sur gery. Oncol Nu rs Forum 3 5(2): [...]

49 placebo-c ontrolled clinical trial. J E p idem io l B io sta t 5(6 ): 359- 3 65, 200 0. 23. Ti ttle MB, M cMi llan S C, Hag an S. V alid ating the b rief p ain in ven tory f or use wit h surgical patient s with can cer. Oncol N urs For um 30(2 ) : 325 - 330, 3/2003. 24. V an T ongeren R B, H amming JF, Fib be WE , V an W, V , F rer ich s SJ, Sti[...]

51 a cute oncol ogy settin g . A sia-Pa cific Journ al o f Cl inical Onc o lo gy 3(2 ) : 89-94, 6/20 07. 12. Cleelan d CS, Ry an KM. Pain a ssessment: glob a l use of th e Br ief Pain In v ent ory. Ann Acad Med Singap ore 23(2 ): 129-1 3 8, 3 /1994. 13. Cleelan d C S. Pain assessme nt: th e ad v ant ages of us i ng pai n s c ale s in lysosom al sto[...]

53 To o l s: Is th e Conte nt Appr opr iate f or Us e in Pal liati v e Care ? J Pa i n Sym ptom Ma na ge 32(6 ) : 567 - 5 80, 12/2006 . 29. J anjan N A, Payne R, G illi s T, Podolo ff D , L ibshi tz HI, Lenzi R , Ther iault R, M art in C, Ya sko A . P re sentin g sym ptoms in pat ients r e ferr ed to a m ultidis ciplinar y c l inic for b one met as[...]

55 the t i m e t rad e-o ff. Jo ur nal of Cl inical E pid em iol ogy 60 ( 10 ): 1 029-1 033, 10/20 07. 46. Ra db ruch L, Loick G, Ki encke P, Li n dena G, S aba towski R , G r ond S, L ehmann KA , Cle el and C S . Val i da t io n of t he Germ an v ersion of th e Brief P ain Inventor y . J P ain Sympt om Ma nage 18(3 ) : 180-18 7, 9 / 1999. 47. Radb[...]

57 os teoarth riti c pai n. J Pain Sy mptom M anage 3 1(1): 48-5 7, 1 /2006. 64. Wu EQ , Borton J, Said G, Le TK, Mon z B, Rosi lio M, A voin et S. Est im ated pre v al en ce of per ipheral n eur o p at hy and as so ci at e d p a i n in adult s with diab ete s in Fr anc e. C urr Med Res Opin 23(9 ) : 2 035-2042, 9 / 20 07. 65. Yun YH , Mendo za TR,[...]

59 9. U ki J, Me ndo za T, Cl eelan d C S, N akam ura Y , T a keda F. A br ief can cer pa i n a ssessm ent tool in Ja panes e : t he ut i lit y of t he Jap a ne se Br ief P ain Invent ory--BP I-J. J Pain Sym ptom Manage 1 6(6): 3 64-373, 1 2/1998. 10. Wa ng X S, Mendo za TR , Gao S Z , Clee land C S. The Chi nese ver sion of the Br ief Pain In v en[...]

61 16. Cleelan d CS. Measurem ent a nd pr ev alen ce of pain in can cer. Sem i n O ncol Nurs 1(2): 8 7-92, 5 / 1985. 17. Cle ela nd CS. How to trea t a "con struc t ". J Pai n Sympt o m Ma nage 1(3): 16 1-162, 1 986. 18. Cleelan d CS, Lad i n s ky JL, Ser lin RC, N ugyen CT. Mult i d imens i onal mea surement of cancer pa i n : com par is[...]

63 BR, Stau ffe r JW , vo n ST, W hi te RE, Wi tte r J, Z a vis i c S. Int erpretin g th e clinical impor tanc e o f treat ment outcom es in chro nic pai n clinic al tri als : IMM PA CT r e co mmendati ons . J Pain 9 (2): 10 5-121, 2/2008 . 35. Ewi ng G, Todd C, Roge rs M, B arc lay S, M cCabe J , M artin A . Val idation of a s ymp t om meas ure su[...]

65 51. Li KK, Har ris K, Hadi S, Chow E. W hat shou ld be t h e op tim al cut po int s for m ild, moderat e, and severe pain ? Jour nal of Pall i at iv e M edic ine 10( 6) : 1338 - 1346 , 12 /2007. 52. Li KK, Hadi S , Ki rou-M au r o A, Chow E. Whe n shou ld we def in e the respons e rat es in th e treatm e nt of bo ne m et a stases by pa lliativ e[...]

67 69. Ta n G, J ense n MP, Tho rnby JI, Sh an t i BF. V ali dation of t he Bri ef Pai n In v ento ry fo r chron ic nonmalig n ant pa in. J Pai n 5(2) : 1 33- 1 37, 3/2 004 . 70. Yun YH , Park YS , Lee ES, Ba ng SM, Heo DS, Pa rk SY, You CH, Wes t K. Vali da t ion of the K orean ve rsion of t he EO R TC QLQ - C30. Qual L i fe Res 13(4 ): 863-868 , [...]