Adaptec SAS/SATA/SCSI RAID Controllers manual

Installation and User’ s Guide SAS, SA T A, and SCSI RAID C ontr ollers[...]

● 2 Copyright ©2006 Adapt ec, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re produced, stored in a r etr ieval system, or transm itted in any form or by an y means, electronic, mechanical, photoc opy ing, recor ding or otherwise, w ithout the prior w ritten con sent of Adapt ec, Inc., 691 South Milpitas Bl vd., Milpitas, CA 9503[...]

● 3 Adaptec Customer Suppor t If yo u have questions about installing or using y our Adaptec pr od uct, che ck this document first— you w ill find answers to most o f your q uestions. If you need further assistance, use the support options listed belo w . T o expedite y our ser vice, hav e your compu ter in front of you. T echnical Suppor t Ide[...]

● 4 Limited 3-Y ear Hardw are W arr anty 1. Adaptec, Inc. (“Adaptec”) warrants to the pur chaser of this product that it will be free from d efects in material and workman ship for a period of three (3) years from the date of purchase. If the pr oduct should beco me defective within the w a rranty pe riod, Adapt ec, at its option, will repair[...]

● 5 Regulator y Compliance Statements Federal Communications Commis sion Radio Frequency Interference Statement W ARNING: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the us er ’s authority to operate the equipment. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the lim[...]

Contents About This Guide What You Need to Know Before You Begin ................................................... 12 Terminology Used in this Guide ...................................................................... 12 How to Find More Information ....................................................................... 12 Kit Contents and Syst[...]

Contents ● 7 Disk Drives for SCSI Controllers ............................................................... 27 Selecting Cabl es ................................................................................................. 28 SAS Cables ................................................................................................... 28 SA[...]

Contents ● 8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System Before You Begin ............................................................................................... 50 Creating a Driver Disk ...................................................................................... 50 Installing on Windows ..............................[...]

Contents ● 9 Understanding RAID Understanding Drive Segments ....................................................................... 70 Nonredundant Arrays (RAID 0) ...................................................................... 70 RAID 1 Arrays ...............................................................................................[...]

Contents ● 10 Using the Adaptec Flash Utility System Requirements ........................................................................................ 98 Before You Begin ............................................................................................... 98 Obtaining the Firmware ...................................................[...]

1 About This Guide In this chapter ... W hat Y ou Need t o Know Befo re Y ou Begin .................................................................... ...... 12 T erminology U sed in this Guide ...................................................................................... ...... 12 Ho w to Find M ore Information ...........................[...]

Chapter 1: About This Guide ● 12 What Y ou Need to Know Bef ore Y ou Begin Y ou should be familiar with computer har dwa re, data storage, RAID technology , and the input/output (I/O) technolog y—Small Computer Sy stem Int erface (SCSI), SAS, or Serial A T A (SA T A)—used by your c ontroller . (F or an introduction to SAS, see page 62 .) Y ou[...]

2 Kit Contents and System Requirements In this chapter ... Kit C ontents ................................................................................................................... ......... 14 Syst em Require ments ............................................................................................................ .1 4 This chapter[...]

Chapter 2: Kit Contents and System Requirements ● 14 Kit Cont ents ● Ada p t e c R A I D c on t r ol le r ● RAID Installa t ion CD (bootable), incl uding controller drive rs, and this Gu id e ● Ad aptec Stor age Manage r Installation CD (not bootable), including user guides for Ad aptec Storage Manager and the AR CCONF command line utility [...]

3 About Y our RAID Controller In this chapter ... Abou t the Adaptec 4800SAS .................................................................................................. 19 Abou t the Adaptec 4805SAS .................................................................................................. 20 Abou t the Adaptec 2420SA ................[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 16 Standard RAID Controller F eatures ● Flash R OM for updates to contr oller firmwar e, BIOS, and the Adaptec R AID Configuration utility ● Disk drive ho t-swapping ● E vent logging and broadcasting including email and SNMP messages ● M ultip le optio ns for cr eating a nd managin g RAID ar rays?[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 17 ● Dual Drive F ailure Pr otect ion (RAID 60 1 ) —A RAID 60 array is similar to a RAID 50 array ex cept that it includes four independe nt sets of par ity data instead of tw o. Adding Enhanced F eatures As y our storage needs change, you can e nhance data prot ection and improv e performance by upgra[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 18 About the Adaptec 4000 The Ad aptec 4000 is a low-profile SAS Zero Channel RAID c ontroller with these features: Bus compatibility PCI-X, 3.3V Maximum bus width 64-bit Maximum bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 128 MB Maximum number of disk drives 8 Audible alar m No Mounting bracket PCI-X connector I2C c[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 19 About the Adaptec 4800SAS The A daptec 4800SAS is a SAS RAID controller with these features: Note: Although this controller has an onboard speaker , you can connect it to an internal speaker with these specifications: 3.0 V , 90.0 mA . The internal speaker is not required, as the onboard speaker volume [...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 20 About the Adaptec 4805SAS The A daptec 4805SAS is a SAS RAID contr oller with these features: Note: Although this controller has an onboard speaker , you can connect it to an internal speaker with these specifications: 3.0 V , 90.0 mA . The internal speaker is not required, as the onboard speaker volume[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 21 About the Adaptec 2 420SA The A daptec 2420SA is a SA T A II RAID contro l ler with these features: Note: A low-profile bracket is included with this contro ller . However , this controller ma y not fit in all low-profile systems. Bus compatibility PCI-X, 3.3 V Bus width 64-bit Bus speed 133 MHz Standar[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 22 About the Adaptec 2820SA The A daptec 2820SA is a SA T A II RAID contro l ler with these features: Note: A low-profile bracket is included with this contro ller . However , this controller ma y not fit in all low-profile systems. Bus compatibility PCI-X, 3.3 V Bus width 64-bit Bus speed 133 MHz Standard[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 23 About the Adaptec 2 130SLP The Ad aptec 2130SLP is a low-profile SCSI c ontroller with these features: Bus compatibility PCI / PCI-X, 3.3 V Maximum bus width 64-bit Maximum bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 256 MB Number of channels 1 Maximum number of disk drives 15 Batter y backup modu le Adaptec Batte[...]

Chapter 3: About Y our RAID Controller ● 24 About the Adaptec 2230SLP The Ad aptec 2230SLP is a low-profile SCSI c ontroller with these features: Bus compatibility PCI / PCI-X, 3.3 V Maximum bus width 64-bit Maximum bus speed 133 MHz Standard cache 128 MB or 256 MB (dependi ng on your contro ller configuration) Number of chan nels 2 Maximum nu mb[...]

4 Getting Star ted In this chapter ... Choosing a RAID Level .......................................................................................................... 26 Selecting Disk Drives .................................................................. ........................................ .... 27 Selecting Cables ........................[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 26 Choosing a RAID Lev el This section provides a brief overvi ew of the RAID levels supported by your A daptec RAID contr oller , including the minimum and maximum numbe r of disk dr iv es required by each. ● RAID 0 (N on-red undant A rray) —Stripes data across multiple disk drives. I mproved performance bu t no[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 27 Selecting Disk Drives W hen selec ting disk drives for y our RAID ar ray , ensure that all th e disk drives ha ve the same performance level. Y ou can use different- sized disk dr iv es in the ar ray , but the array will be limited t o the capacit y of the smallest and slow est disk drive. For mo re information, r[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 28 Selecting Cables This section describes the cable options an d re qu ire me nt s f or yo ur Ada pte c co nt rol l er : ● For SAS cables, see this page. ● SA T A cables, see page 29 . ● SCSI cables, see page 29 . SAS C abl es Y ou need one SAS cable fo r each disk dr iv e you are c onnecting to your A daptec [...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 29 Cable c onnectors are k eyed so that yo u can ’t insert them inc or rectly . Ad aptec recommends using only A daptec SAS cabl es. F or more information or to purchase cables, visit the Adaptec W eb site at www .adaptec.c om . SA T A Cabl es Y ou need one straight connector t o st raight connector SA T A cable fo[...]

Chapter 4: Getting Star ted ● 30 Installation Options W hen you install y our Adaptec c ont roller , you can ch o ose to cr eate a bootable arr ay and then install your operating syst em and the controller driv er on that arr ay . Alternati vely , you can complet e a standard installation, where the c ontroller drive r is installed on an exist in[...]

5 Installing the Controller and Disk Drives In this chapter ... Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ..... 32 Installing the Contr oller ...................................................................................................... ... 32 Connectin[...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 32 Before Y ou Begin ● Rea d Safety Information on page 104 . ● Familiarize yourself with your A daptec RAID controller’ s physical featur es and the RAID levels that it supports (see page 15 ). ● Ensure y ou have the right quantit y of disk drives for the RAID level y ou want to use [...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 33 6 Optional —Connect your RAID c ontroller’ s I2C connect or (not available on all models) to an I2C connector on an int ernal backplane or enclosur e, using an I2C cable. 7 Pr epare and install your int ernal disk dr iv es, following the instructions for y o ur ty pe of con t rol le r [...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 34 2 U se internal SAS or mini-SAS cables to attach the disk driv es to the controller . 3 W hen all internal disk drives ha ve been instal led and attached t o the controller , close your computer cabinet, reattach the power cor d, then continue w ith Connecting External Dev ices on page 35 [...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 35 Connecting Disk Drives t o SA T A RAID Controllers 1 Install your SA T A disk drives, follo w ing the in struct ions in your system ’ s documentation. There ar e no jumpers or sw itc hes to set on the SA T A contro ller or disk drives. 2 Connect each disk drive t o a SA T A por t on the [...]

Chapter 5: Installing the Controller and Disk Drives ● 36 Next St eps If y ou are installing the controller driv er and an oper ating system ont o a bootable ar ray , cont i nue w it h Cre at i ng a B o ot a bl e Ar ray on page 37 . If y ou are completing a standar d installation onto an existing operating system, c ontinue with I nstall ing the [...]

6 Creating a Bootable Ar ra y In this chapter ... Setting the Boot Controller .............................................................................................. ...... 38 Creating an A r ray ....................................................................... ....................................... ..... 38 Making Y our Ar ray Bootab[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 38 Setting the Boot Controller Note: If your system won’ t contain more than one bootable controller , skip to the next section, Creating an Array . Y our Adapt ec RAID controlle r suppor ts bootable disk dr iv es and bootable ar rays. T o enable your syst em to boot from either a disk drive or an array co[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 39 5 Select at least thr e e disk driv es for the array , press Inse r t for each selected disk drive, then press Ente r . Cautio n: During initialization, all data is delet ed from the disk. Befo re continuing , back up any da ta you want to kee p. 6 Pr ess Y , then press Enter . The selected disk drives ar[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 40 Creating an Array with Adapt ec Storage Manager This section describes how to use the A daptec Storage Ma nager configuration w izard to build a RA ID 5 arra y . Note: Y ou will need the Adaptec Storage Manager In stallation CD to complete this task. T o create a RAID 5 array: 1 Insert the Adapt ec Stor a[...]

Chapter 6: Creating a Bootable Array ● 41 7 Review the information that is displayed. Note: In DAS en vironments, Adaptec St orage Manager uses the term lo gical drives when referring to ar rays (see page 12 ). In this example, A daptec Storage M anager has used thir teen equal-sized disk driv es to automaticall y create one logical drive with RA[...]

7 Installing the Driver and an Operating System In this chapter ... Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ..... 43 Creating a Driv er Disk ............................................................... .......................................... .. 43 Insta[...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 43 Before Y ou Begin ● Install and c onnect your Ad aptec RAID contro ller and internal disk drives (see page 31 ). ● Cr eate a bootable array (see page 37 ). ● Crea te a driver disk (see the follo w ing section). Creating a Driver Disk Note: Y ou will need a floppy disk to complete[...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 44 Installing with Windows Note: Y ou will need your Windows Installation CD to complete this task. T o install the Adapt ec RAID controller driv er while installing W indows: 1 Insert your W indo ws CD , then restart the computer . 2 Follo w the on-screen instructions to begin the Windo [...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 45 Installing with SUSE Linux T o install the Adaptec RAID c ontroller driver while installing SUSE Linux: 1 Insert the first SUSE Installation CD . 2 Res t a r t yo u r c om p ut e r . 3 W hen the SUSE installation selection screen appears, choose the type of installation you want, then [...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 46 8 Fr om the lower window menu, select Conti nue , then press Ent er . If the driv er installation process fails, the server console is display ed so you can see the cause of the failure. T o modify disk partitions, apply hot fix es, or perform volume maintenanc e, refer t o your N etW [...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 47 Installing with UnixW are Note: Y ou will need your UnixW are Installation CD to complete this task. T o install the dr iv er when installing UnixW are: 1 Insert the U nixW are I nstallation CD . 2 Res t a r t yo u r c om p ut e r . 3 Follo w the on-screen instructions to begin the U n[...]

Chapter 7: Installing the Driver and an Operating System ● 48 If the dr iv er fails to load , run lsde v and check for the floppy d isk drive. Then, tr y again with the appropriate device. 7 Ty p e boot . 8 Complet e the F reeBSD installation, following the instructions included with your operating system. 9 Reboot y our computer , then remov e t[...]

8 Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System In this chapter ... Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ..... 50 Creating a Driv er Disk ............................................................... .......................................... .. [...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 50 Before Y ou Begin Before y ou begin, install and connect your A d aptec RAID contr oller and internal disk drives (see page 3 1 ). Y ou must also create a driv er disk (see page 43 ) before you begin installing the controller driv er . Creating a Driver Disk Note: Y ou will nee[...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 51 Installing on Windows T o install the dr iv er on Windo ws: 1 Star t or restart Windo ws. Th e Fou nd New Hardw are Wiz ard open s a nd sea rche s fo r t he dr iver . 2 Insert the driver disk, select Floppy drive , then click Nex t . 3 Click Nex t , then click Ne x t again. 4 F[...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 52 8 At the Driv er N a me menu, pr ess the Ins er t key. 9 Insert the driver disk, press the Inser t key , then press F3 . 10 At the A: pr omp t, press Ente r . The driver installs. 11 At th e Ad d it i o n a l D r i ve r O pt i o n m en u , se l e c t Return to driver summar y [...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 53 Installing on UnixW are T o install the dr iv er on UnixW are: 1 Start your co mputer , then inser t the drive r disk. 2 Begin the dr iv er package installer: pkgadd -d dis kette1 3 At th e i n s ta l l e r p r om p t , t y p e go . 4 Select 1 for the aacraid package. 5 W hen t[...]

Chapter 8: Installing the Driver on an Existing Operating System ● 54 5 Reboot y our computer , then remov e the dr iv er disk. Note: Currently , Adaptec Storage Manager is not suppor ted on F reeBSD. T o create and manage arrays, use the AR C utility . See page 57 for more infor mation.[...]

9 Managing Y our Storage Space In this chapter ... About A daptec Storage Manage r .................................................................. ......................... 56 About the A daptec RAID Controller Co nfigur ation Utility ................................................ 56 About the A daptec RAID Configuration Utility ..............[...]

Chapter 9: Managing Y our Storage Space ● 56 About Adapte c Storage Manager Note: Currently , Adaptec Storage Manager is not suppor ted on F reeBSD. T o create and manage arrays, use the AR C utility . See page 57 for more information. Ad aptec Storage Manager is a full-featured softwa re application that helps you build a storage space for y our[...]

Chapter 9: Managing Y our Storage Space ● 57 About the Adaptec RAID Conf iguration Utility The Ad aptec RAID Configuration (ARC) utility is a BIOS-based utility that yo u can use to create and manage co nt rollers, d isk dr ive s and other d e vices, and arrays. The AR C utility comprises these tools: ● Array Configurat ion Utility (A CU) —Fo[...]

10 Solving Problems In this chapter ... T roubleshooting Checklist ....................................... .............................................................. 5 9 Silencing the Alarm .................................................................... ........................................ .... 59 Rec overing fr om a Disk Dr ive F ailu[...]

Chapter 10: Solving Problems ● 59 T roubleshooting Checklist If y ou encounter difficulties installing or using y our Adapt ec RAID controller , check these items fir st: ● W ith your comput er powe red off, check the connections to eac h disk dr ive, po wer supply , LED connector , and so on. T r y disconnecting and r e connecting disk driv es[...]

Chapter 10: Solving Problems ● 60 F ailed Disk Drive Prot ected by a Hot Spare W hen an ar ray is pr otected by a hot spar e, if a disk dr iv e in that ar ray fails the hot spar e is automati cally incorporated into the ar ray and tak es over fo r the failed drive. T o reco ver from the failur e: 1 Re move and r epla ce the failed disk driv e (fo[...]

Chapter 10: Solving Problems ● 61 Multiple F ailures in the Same Array Ex cept in RAID 6 and RAID 60 arrays (see page 6 9 ), if more than one disk drive fails at the same time in the same array , the data can ’t be rec over ed. Correct the cause of the failur e or replac e the failed disk dr iv es. Then, restor e your data (if ava il ab l e) . [...]

A Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI In this appendix... T erminolog y U sed in This Chapter ....................................................................................... 63 W hat is SAS? ............................................................. ...................................................... ........ 63 Ho w Do SAS Dev ices [...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 63 T erminology Used in This Chapter For c onv enience, SAS HBA s and SAS RAID controller s are r eferred to generically in this chapte r as SAS cards . HBAs, RAID c ontrollers, disk driv es, and external disk drive e nclosures are r eferred to as end dev ices and expanders ar e referred to as ex[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 64 How Do SAS De vices Communicate? SAS devices comm unicate w ith each other th rough links. A link is a physical c onnection between tw o phys. As sho w n in the following figure, SAS dev ices c ontain p orts (see page 65 ), ports contain phys , and each ph y contains one transmitter and one re[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 65 What’s a SAS Port? Note: Because the ph ysical link between SAS devices is from ph y to phy , rather than por t to por t, a “por t” is more of a vir tual concept, di fferent from what is nor mally considered a por t on other types of RAID controllers and storage devices. A port is one or[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 66 How are Disk Driv es Identified in SAS? In the BIOS and in the management u t ilities (see page 55 ), disk dr ives ar e identified with numbers in this fo rmat: XX: YY :Z Z where X X is the disk dr iv e count number , YY is the enclosure number , and ZZ is the slot number (within the enc losur[...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 67 SAS Expander Connections A SAS expander device literally expands the numbe r of end devices that you can co nnec t together . Expander dev ices, typically embedded into a syst em backplane (see page 66 ), suppor t large configurations of SAS end dev ices, including SAS car ds and SAS and SA T [...]

Appendix A: Introduction to Serial Attached SCSI ● 68 How is SAS Different from Parallel SCSI? In summary , although SAS and par allel SCSI both use the SCSI command set, how they mo ve data from one place to another is ve r y different. T o suppor t point-to-point ser ial data transpor t, SAS introduces new typ es of connect ors, cables, connect[...]

B Under standing RAID In this appendix... U nderstanding Drive Segments ............................................................................................. 70 N onredundant Arrays (RAID 0) ............................................... ............................................ 70 RAID 1 Arrays .................... ....................[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 70 Understanding Drive Segments A drive s egme nt is a disk dr iv e or portion of a disk dr iv e that is used to create an array . A disk drive can incl ude both RAID seg ments (segments that are part of an array) and available segments. Ea ch segment c an be part of only one lo gical dev ice at a time. If a disk [...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 71 RAID 1 Arra ys A RAID 1 array is built fr om two disk driv es, where one disk driv e is a mi rror of the other (the same data is stored on each disk driv e). Comp ared to indep endent di sk dr ives, R AID 1 ar rays pro v ide impro ved performance, with tw ice the read rate and an equal write rate of single disk[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 72 RAID 10 Arra ys A R AI D 10 a r r ay i s b u il t fro m t wo o r m ore e qu a l- si z ed RA I D 1 a rr a ys . D a ta i n a RA I D 1 0 ar r ay is both str iped and mi rrored. Mirroring provides data protection, and stripi ng improv es performance. Drive segment size is limited t o the size of the smallest disk d[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 73 RAID 5 Arra ys A RAID 5 array is bui lt from a minimum o f three disk driv es, and uses data striping and parity data to pr ovide redundancy . P ar ity data pro v ides data prot ection, and str iping impr oves performance. P ar ity data is an error-c orrecting redundancy that’ s used to re-create data if a di[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 74 RAID 5EE Arra ys A RAID 5EE array—also known as a hot space —is similar to a RAID 5 array e xcept that it includes a distributed spare drive and must be built from a minimum of four disk driv es. U nlike a hot spar e, a dist ributed spare is striped evenly across the disk driv es w ith the stored data and p[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 75 RAID 50 Arra ys A RAID 50 array is built fr om six to fort y-eight disk drives configur ed as two or more RAID 5 arrays, and stripes stored dat a and par ity data across all disk driv es in both RAID 5 arrays. (Fo r more inf or mation, see RAID 5 A r ra y s on page 73 .) Note: Because they support four disk dri[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 76 RAID 6 Arra ys A RAID 6 array—also known as dual drive fail ure protection—is similar to a RAID 5 array because it uses data striping and par ity data to provide redundancy . How e ver , RAID 6 arr ays include tw o independent sets of parity data instead of one. Both sets of parit y data are striped separat[...]

Appendix B: Understanding RAID ● 77 Selecting the Best RAID Le vel U se this table to select the RAID lev els that are most appr opri ate for the logical dr ives on y our storage space, based on the number of availa ble disk dr ives and y our requirements f or performance and reliability . Disk drive usage, r ead performance, and w rite performan[...]

C Using the Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility In this appendix... Introduction t o the ARC U t ility ............................................................................................ 79 R unning the ARC U tilit y........................................................................................................ 79 U sing the A CU to[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 79 Introduction t o the ARC Utility The AR C utilit y comprises these tools: ● The Array Configuration U t ility (A CU) —F or creating and managing ar rays, and initializing and rescanning disk drives (see page 79 ). Note: Also av ailable—ACU for DOS. See page 86 . ● A -Select Ut[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 80 Managing Existing Arra y s T o v iew or modify existing ar rays, select Mana ge Ar r ays from the main A CU menu. Fr om the Manage Arrays menu, y ou can: ● V i ew the proper ti es of an ar ray . Note: F ailed drives are displayed in a different text color . ● Mak e an array bootab[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 81 Secure Erasing Disk Drives W hen you perform a secure erase on a disk driv e, al l data on that disk drive is completely and irretrievably eradicated. Secure e r ase performs three distinct writing passes to the disk driv e being erased—it does not just wr ite ze ros. P erforming a [...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 82 Modifying Y our Contro ller’s Configuration Note: Default controller settings are suitable for most computers. Adaptec recommends that you do not change the default setting. T o modify your co nt roller’ s settings, select Cont roller Con figur ation from the main -Select utility [...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 83 SAS-specif ic Controller Settings In add ition to the ge neral settings listed on page 82 , y our Adaptec SAS controller has SAS- specific settings that can be modified if r equired. (Fo r more information ab out SAS, see page 62 .) T o modify SAS-specific settings, select PHY Configu[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 84 SCSI-specific Controller Settings In addition to the general settings listed on page 82 , y our Adaptec SCSI c ont roller has SCSI- specific settings that can be modified if required. T o modify SCSI-specific settings, select SCSI Configuration fr om the SCSI Select main menu. SCSI De[...]

Appendix C: Using the Adaptec RA ID Configuration Utility ● 85 F ormatting and V erifying Disk Driv es Y ou can use the disk utilities to low-level format or ve r ify your disk drives. (N ew disk dr iv es are lo w-le vel formatted at the factory and do not need to be low-level formatted again.) Cautio n: Before you format a disk drive, back up al[...]

D Using the Ar ra y Configuration Utility for DOS In this appendix... Getting Star ted ................................................................................................................ ....... 87 W orking in the A CU Using M enus........................................................................................ 87 R unning the A[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 87 Getting Started Note: Y ou need a bootable floppy disk to complete this task. The A CU for D OS runs from a floppy disk whic h y ou can create using the R AID Installation CD that came in your A daptec RAID contr ol ler kit. T o create the A CU floppy disk: 1 Inser t your RAID In stal[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 88 Running the A CU Using Scripts T o w ork in the A CU usi ng scri pts: 1 Insert the A CU floppy disk (see page 87 ), then star t or restar t your co mputer . The comp uter boots to the DOS comm and line. 2 Ty p e ACU on the command line, sp ecify a script file, and specify eithe r the [...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 89 About Record Mode Note: Y ou can also create a script file manually (see the following section). In R ecord M ode, the A C U wr ites a RAID c ont roller’ s existing array configuration to a sp ecified script file, which lets you create the same c o nfigur ation by running the A CU i[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 90 Arra y Definition Block Ke ywords The array definition block alwa ys beg ins with the keyword A r ray and ends with the keywor d End. The other requ ired ar ray definition k e ywords ar e Dr iv es and T y pe. Array definition keywords and descriptions ar e listed in this table. Array [...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 91 End K eyword End is a required k eyword, indicating the end of the block. HotspareDrives K eyword Ho tspare Drives is an optional k eyword, specifying the hot spares to assign to the array . The syntax for listing hot spares is the same as the Dr ives K e yword on page 90 . If H otspa[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 92 Method Ke yword M ethod is an optional keywo rd, indicating which method t o use when creating a redu ndant (RAID 1, 5, and 10) array . Po ssible values: ● Build (the default )—P erform a Build/V er ify pr ocess on the array . T akes longer than Clear , but allows y ou to begin us[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 93 T ype K eyword T y pe is a required keywor d, indicating the ar ray ty pe. There is no default value. The possible values: V olume, RAID0, RAID1, RAID5, RAID10, or RAID50. Depending on the RAID levels supported by y our RAID controller , additional possible values are: RAID1E, RAID5EE[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 94 ControllerID K eyword Contr o llerID is an optional k e ywor d to change the SCSI ID of the controller . N or mally , the SCSI controller is assigned SCSI ID 7 on each of its channels. Y ou can spe cify an y ID value between 0 and 7. Cautio n: Do not change the SCSI ID of the controll[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 95 Sample Scripts This MS-DOS command inv okes the A CU and creates arrays on c ontroller 1 based on the arra y k eywo rds defi ned in the sc ript fi le A: RAI D .ACU . It also configur es Channe l 0 and sav es a log of the operati on in the log file C:RAID .L O G: A:> ACU /P A :R[...]

Appendix D: Using the Array Configuration Utility for DOS ● 96 Sample Script for SA T A Controllers This is a sample A CU file that w ill initialize all disk dr ives c onnected to the SA T A controller and creat e a RAID 5 arr ay with the disk driv es on por ts 0, 1, and 2. Controller= 0 ,5:7:0 Controller Na me=Adaptec Adapt ec 2820SA Subsystem I[...]

E Using the Adaptec Flash Utility In this appendix... Syst em Require ments ............................................................................................................ .9 8 Before Y o u Begin ............................................................................................................... ..... 98 R unning the Menu-ba[...]

Appendix E: Using the A daptec Flash Utility ● 98 System R equirements ● MS–DOS version 5.0 or later . Note: Y ou can’t run the AFU from a DOS command prompt window under an y version of Windows. ● At least 8 MB of exte nde d memor y . Compatibility Notes ● Supports HIMEM.SYS; compatible with other DO S drivers running under HIMEM.SY S [...]

Appendix E: Using the A daptec Flash Utility ● 99 Creating the Firmware Flopp y Disks Note: Y ou will need at least two bootable MS-DOS floppy disks to complete this task. Y ou can’t create a bootable flopp y disk using Windows 2000. T o create the firm ware floppy disks: 1 Cr eate a bootable MS–DOS floppy disk and c opy these files to it: ?[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 100 6 Complete the flash operation and restar t your co mputer before tr y ing to use the RAID contr oller again. ( Y ou can not use your RAID con t roller while y ou are updating its flash.) Runni ng th e AFU from the Comm and Line Note: Y ou can also r un a menu-based AFU (see page 99 ). T o run th[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 101 These switches are a vailable: ● /C <Controller ID> —O ne or more RA ID co nt rol l er I Ds repre se nt in g t he s et of RAI D contr ollers on which to perform the specified c ommand. The default is 0; if the comput er has multiple RAID contro l lers, the AFU defa ults to co nt roller [...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 102 Ve r i f y Compar es the contents of each of the fla sh components on a RAID contr oller to the correspo nding image in a UFI file, and indicates whether they match. Aft er using the VERIFY command, y ou must restart the computer . The command syntax for the VERIFY command is as follows: AFU VERI[...]

Appendix E: Using the Ad aptec Flash Utility ● 103 Updating the Flash Using the AFU Command Line 1 Creat e t he firmware floppy disks (see page 99 ). 2 P owe r off your computer , insert the first AFU floppy disk, then po wer on your c omputer . If your comp uter is n ’t set u p to b oot f rom the bootable floppy disk, ent er the system setup u[...]

F Safety Infor mation T o ensure your personal safety and the safet y of your equipment: ● K eep your w ork area and the compu ter clean and clear of debris. ● Before opening the syst em cabinet, unplug the power cor d. Electr ostatic Discharge (ESD) Cautio n: ESD can damage electronic components when they are improperly handled, and can result[...]

G T echnical Specifications In this appendix... Envir onmental Spe cifications .............................................................................................. 106 DC P ower R equirements ...................................................................................................... 106 C ur rent R equirements..................[...]

Appendix G: T echnical Specifications ● 106 Environmental Specif ications Note: Forced airflow is rec ommended, but not required. DC Po wer Requirements Current Requirements Ambient temperature without batter y backup module 0 °C to 50 ° C Relative humidity 10% to 90% , noncon densing Altitude Up to 3,000 meters Ripple and noise 50 mV peak-to-p[...]

Index A ACU arrays 38 creating arrays 38 , 79 creating bootable arrays 80 initializing d isk drives 80 managing arrays 80 rescanning disk drives 80 secure erasing disk drives 81 stopping a secure erase 81 ACU for DOS 86 to 96 array definition block keywords 90 creating a flo ppy disk 87 menus 87 playback mode 88 record mode 89 sample scripts 95 scr[...]

Index ● 108 C cables 28 cards. See controllers CD-ROM Boot Support setting 82 command line in terface (flash utility) 100 command line utility 56 contents of controller kit 14 Controller SCSI Channel I D setting 84 Controller SCSI Channel Termination setting 84 controllers Alarm Control setting 82 Array Background Cons ist ency Check setting 82 A[...]

Index ● 109 event log 85 expander connections 67 expander devi ces 63 external devices 35 F failed disk drives 59 multip le arrays 60 multip le disk drives 61 RAID 0 arrays 60 without hot spare 60 feature keys 17 firmware 98 creating floppy disks 99 firmware upgrades 17 flashing controllers 61 floppy disks for firmware update 99 formatting disk d[...]

Index ● 110 Q QAS setting 84 R RAID 16 , 17 non-redundant arrays 70 RAID 0 70 RAID 1 71 RAID 10 72 RAID 1E 16 , 71 RAID 5 73 RAID 50 75 RAID 5EE 16 , 74 RAID 6 16 , 76 RAID 60 17 , 76 RAID controllers. See controllers RAID levels 26 record mode 89 recovering from disk drive failure 59 Red Hat driver installation 51 OS installation 44 Redundant Ar[...]

Index ● 111 SCSI Select 81 secure erasing disk drives 81 stopping a secure eras e 81 -Select utilities 81 applying changes 81 exiting 81 modifying controller settings 82 opening 81 Serial ATA. See SATA Serial Attached SCS I. See SAS Serial Select 81 Small Computer System Interface. See SCSI snapshot 17 software 56 Solaris driver installation 52 s[...]

A daptec, Inc. 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas, CA 95035 USA ©2006 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. Adaptec and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions. Part Number: CDP-00185-01-A, Rev. A JB 10/06[...]