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Cyclades PC400 manual

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Table of contents for the manual

  • Page 1

    Cyclades-PC400 Installation Manual Cyclades Corporation[...]

  • Page 2

    Cyclades-PC400 Installation Manual V ersion 2.1 – December 2001 Copyright (C) Cyclades Corporation, 2001 W e believe the information in this manual is accurate and reliable. However , we assume no responsibility , financial or otherwise, for any consequences of the use of this product or Installation Manual. This manual is published by Cyclades C[...]

  • Page 3

    T able of Contents CHAPTER 1 WHA T IS IN THE BOX .................................................................................................. .................. 5 CHAPTER 2 HARDW ARE INST ALLA TION ............................................................................................... ........... 6 CHAPTER 3 SOFTW ARE INST ALLA TION .[...]

  • Page 4

    The Routing T able ............................................................................................................................................ 36 ssh - The Secure Shell Session ....................................................................................................................... 37 The Process T able ..............[...]

  • Page 5

    5 Chapter 1 What is in the Box CHAPTER 1 WHA T IS IN THE BOX T wo Cyclades-PC400 models are available: one with DSPs (for analog modem connections) and one without them (for digital connections). One cable per channel is provided for connection of the board to a T1/E1 line. A diskette containing the PC400 driver is also included, and its use is des[...]

  • Page 6

    6 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation CHAPTER 2 HARDW ARE INST ALLA TION The body carries static electricity and if the person installing the PC400 is not correctly grounded, the board could suffer irreversible damage. Please follow the instructions outlined below carefully to avoid harming the board. Step One: Unplug the computer and remove all cables[...]

  • Page 7

    7 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Step Three: Be careful to not touch any components inside the computer ’s chassis, as they also can be damaged by static electricity . Confirm that the wrist-strap is grounded. If a wrist-strap is not available, touch a non-painted, metallic part of a computer plugged in to a wall outlet to remove any excess char[...]

  • Page 8

    8 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation Step Four: Insert the board carefully into any unused PCI slot so that the external connector is aligned with the opening in the back of the computer . Make sure that the board does not touch any metallic parts of the interior of the computer . The second bracket of models with two ports should be installed similar[...]

  • Page 9

    9 Chapter 3 Software Installation CHAPTER 3 SOFTW ARE INST ALLA TION The PC400 driver diskette contains the files needed to run the Cyclades-PC400 in a Linux environment. This driver should run without problems with all processors supported by Linux. However , Ix86-compatible architectures are the only platforms officially supported by Cyclades. Th[...]

  • Page 10

    10 Chapter 3 Software Installation NOTE: at this point you should read the file README included in the directory pc400-<version> to learn about any changes implemented since this manual was produced. sh install (to run the install script) This script will detect the system information (kernel version, current Cyclades-PC400 driver version, et[...]

  • Page 11

    11 Chapter 3 Software Installation The left column presents the commands and parameters that should be followed when using make config . The right column provides the corresponding commands and parameters for make menuconfig . cd /usr/src/linux cd /usr/src/linux make config make menuconfig CONF IG_K MOD= Y (Ke rnel modul e lo ad er ) Activate s su [...]

  • Page 12

    12 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration CHAPTER 4 BOARD AND SYSTEM CONFIGURA TION This chapter describes the configuration of the Cyclades-PC400. After the general instructions, guided ex- amples are provided to assist in parameter selection. Read the example closest to your application if in doubt as to the best value for a parameter . STEP ON[...]

  • Page 13

    13 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration • Interface parameters set T1/E1-line specific parameters such as clock mode and signalling type. • Channel parameters define groups of channels (time slots) within a T1/E1 line. • Logical link parameters set link information such as telephone number and connection type. All parameters are presented[...]

  • Page 14

    14 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameters that define and apply to this logical link interfn_1_end ... interfn_N_begin Parameters that define and apply to this logical link interf1_N_end interf1_end interf2_begin Parameters that configure T1/E1 Interface 2, when present channel_group_begin Parameters that define and apply to this chann[...]

  • Page 15

    15 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Label Descripti on unit_name Identifies the boar d. The parameter should not ex ceed 20 characte rs. prompt Specifies the prompt to be used by the v irtual console. It should not ex ceed 40 characte rs. escape_char Specifies the escape key to be used by the v irtual consol e. It should not ex ceed one cha[...]

  • Page 16

    16 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameters that define customized ISDN-PRI profiles. Label Descripti on cnx_profile_begin Up to 5 different ranges for cnx_profile can be configured . phone The first ph one number of the range w ith this pr ofile. It shoul d not exceed 30 characters and "none" specifies th e null str ing. size_[...]

  • Page 17

    17 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameters that define and apply t o interfaces. Label Descripti on interf#_begin Marks the beginning of the parameters specific to the #th T1/E1 interface . All parameters follow ing this label app ly only to this interfa ce until inter f#_end is reach ed. clock_mode Specifies the clo ck source . Can be [...]

  • Page 18

    18 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Label Descripti on onhook_timer Valid only fo r CAS in Brazil. Valid v alues are 20-255, in units of a fr action of a se cond . When th e PC400 answ ers an incoming call it w aits for the perio d defined by answer2_timer, then it hangs up. Next, it w aits the period define d by onhook_timer and reconnects[...]

  • Page 19

    19 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameters that define and apply t o channels (time slots). These go inside interf ace markers . channel_group_beg in Marks the beginning of a group of chann els. All parame ters following this label apply only to this channel group un til channel_group_end i s reached . channels The number of channel s i[...]

  • Page 20

    20 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration # PC400 Firmware Download if [ -x /usr/local/sbin/pc400load ]; then /usr/local/sbin/pc400load fi # PC400 Configuration Download if [ -x /usr/local/sbin/pc400util ]; then /usr/local/sbin/pc400util -p fi # PC400 Date and Time Set if [ -x /usr/local/sbin/pc400util ]; then /usr/local/sbin/pc400util -t system [...]

  • Page 21

    21 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Cyclades-PC400 driver <version> <date> built <date> PC400 #1, RAM at 0xMMMM, IRQn, 64 channels starting from port 0 PC400 #2, RAM at 0xMMMM, IRQn, 64 channels starting from port 64 etc. STEP FIVE Enable the ports of the Cyclades-PC400 as you would with any standard serial port. Edit /etc[...]

  • Page 22

    22 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Example 1 A RAS Dial-in Application With Both Analog and Digital Incoming Calls T1/E1 Remote IP Address Assigned on Connection PC Server PC PC Network T erminator Network T erminator LAN ISDN-BRI Lines PC PC Modem Modem T elephone/ISDN Network Server with PC400 Multiple Calls FIGURE 4.7 EXAMPLE OF A RAS D[...]

  • Page 23

    23 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameter Description Value for T1 line Value fo r E1 line unit_name Name used to identify the board. PC400 PC400 prompt Can be chang ed to iden tify w hich board i s being accessed. Select o ption ==> Select option ==> escape_char 0x1b is the <E SC> key. 0x1b 0x1b shortcu t_char 0x0 turns thi[...]

  • Page 24

    24 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameter Description Value for T1 line Value fo r E1 line rx_sensitiv ity Sensitiv ity for re ception. shaul shaul companding_mode There are tw o option s each fo r T1 and E1 li nes. Ask the service prov ider. ulaw alaw signaling_ty pe Applies when CAS signali ng mode is used . Ask the service prov ider.[...]

  • Page 25

    25 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Example 2 A LAN-to-LAN Example Using Channels Headquarters’ LAN ETH0 T1/E1 Af filiate’s LAN PR1000 Channels 1-10 Channels 1 1-15 Af filiate’s LAN PR1000 Server with PC400 FIGURE 4.9 EXAMPLE OF A MUL TIPLE LAN-TO-LAN APPLICA TION The example shown above would be configured using the channelized profi[...]

  • Page 26

    26 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameter Description Value for T1 line Value fo r E1 line unit_name Name used to identify the board. PC400 PC400 prompt Can be chang ed to iden tify w hich board i s being accessed. Select o ption ==> Select option ==> escape_char 0x1b is the <E SC> key. 0x1b 0x1b shortcu t_char 0x0 turns thi[...]

  • Page 27

    27 Chapter 4 Board and System Configuration Parameter Description Value for T1 line Value fo r E1 line rx_sensitiv ity Sensitiv ity for re ception. shaul shaul channel_group_beg in Definition of firs t channel group. channels Channels in fir st group. 1-10 1-10 channel_group_end End of defini tion of first ch annel group. channel_group_beg in Defin[...]

  • Page 28

    Chapter 5 T roubleshooting 28 Cyclades-PC400 Installation Manual CHAPTER 5 TROUBLESHOOTING General Tips What to Do When the PC400 is Not Recognized by the Operating System • Does the operating system detect the PC400 on boot? A message similar to Cyclades-PC400 driver <version> <date> built <date> PC400 #1, RAM at 0xMMMM, IRQn, [...]

  • Page 29

    29 Chapter 5 T roubleshooting Cyclades-PC400 Installation Manual Hardware T est A menu-driven hardware test called pc400hwtest is included with the Cyclades-PC400 driver . It is executed by typing pc400hwtest at the command line. Note that the PC400 should not be tested while in use as the test will inactivate all ports. First, RAM integrity is che[...]

  • Page 30

    Chapter 5 T roubleshooting 30 Cyclades-PC400 Installation Manual After choosing one of the first three options, the “global” screen appears as shown below: Global Test DSP Passes - 1741 Pg0. Board RAM FALC : 01 02 DSP : U19 U06 U20 U07 --------------------------------------------------- 1 OK OK OK OK N/T NOK NOK <ESC> - Previous Menu <[...]

  • Page 31

    31 Chapter 5 T roubleshooting Cyclades-PC400 Installation Manual Board Port <---- PACKETS ---> Test : DSP From To From To Sent Received Passes Errors Pg0 --------------------------------------------------------------- 1 <-> 1 1 <-> 33 1741 1741 1741 0 1 <-> 1 2 <-> 34 1741 1741 1741 0 1 <-> 1 3 <-> 35 1741 [...]

  • Page 32

    Chapter 5 T roubleshooting 32 Cyclades-PC400 Installation Manual Administrative Utilities A program called pc400util is used for administrative functions. It is executed by typing pc400util at the command line with the following options: pc400util -<g|p|s|S|i|-a<up|down>> [-d device] [-f <file|default>] [-t <MMDDYYYYHHMMSS|syst[...]

  • Page 33

    Cyclades-PC400 33 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual APPENDIX A INFORMA TION FOR USERS NOT FAMILIAR WITH LINUX Users and Passwords A username and password are necessary to log in to a Linux system. A unique password should be configured as soon as possible to avoid unauthorized access to your network. T ype the command: passwd to create a passw[...]

  • Page 34

    Cyclades-PC400 34 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual /home Contains the work dire ctories of sy stem users. /bin Contains app lications and utilities u sed during system in itialization . /dev Contains files for devices and ports. /etc Contains configura tion files specifi c to the operating sy stem. /lib Contains shared libra ries. /proc Conta[...]

  • Page 35

    Cyclades-PC400 35 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual Other commands allow the user to change directories and see the contents of a directory . pwd Supplies the name of the current directory . While logged in, the user is always "in" a dire ctory . The default ini tial directory is the user's home directory , /home/<username>[...]

  • Page 36

    Cyclades-PC400 36 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual edited, use the following keys: h mov es the cursor to the left (left arrow ) j mov es the cursor to the next line (do wn arrow) k mov es the cursor to the previous line (up arrow) l mov es the cursor to the right (right arrow ) Having arrived at the location where text should be changed, use[...]

  • Page 37

    Cyclades-PC400 37 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual netstat -rn T ype man netstat at the Linux prompt for more informations about netstat options. Routes should be added to the file /proc/net/route or at the prompt (for temporary routes) using the following syntax: route [add|del] [-net|-host] target netmask nt_msk [gw gt_way ] interf [add|del[...]

  • Page 38

    Cyclades-PC400 38 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual The Process T able The process table shows which processes are running and is displayed by tying ps -a. An example is given below . PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? S 0:05 init 322 ? SW 0:00 [portmap] 3361 tty11 S W 0:00 [login] 11915 pts/0 S 0:00 bash 11926 pts/0 R 0:00 ps -ax Use the kill comm[...]

  • Page 39

    Cyclades-PC400 39 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual -i get information from the board Syslog The syslog feature can be turned on, as an option. It runs in background, by default. Its syntax is: pc400syslog [-d device] [-l facility] -d device : defines the syslog device (the default is /dev/ttyCM30) -l <facility> : where <facility> [...]

  • Page 40

    Cyclades-PC400 40 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual • status (active or inactive) - if this item is not active, the script will not be executed. • user - the process will be run with the privileges of this user , who must be a valid local user . • source - pathname of the crontab file. When the /etc/crontab_files file contains the follow[...]

  • Page 41

    Cyclades-PC400 41 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual Packet Filtering using ipchains The Linux utility ipchains can be used to filter IP packets entering, leaving and passing through interfaces. An ipchains tutorial is beyond the scope of this manual. For more information on ipchains, see the ipchains man page (by typing man ipchains at the Lin[...]

  • Page 42

    Cyclades-PC400 42 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual The output chain controls which packets are sent. A packet can be accepted by the input chain, but then rejected by the output chain. Likewise, the forward chain controls which packets will be routed. The input chain controls incoming packet filtering. The packet is either destined for the ro[...]

  • Page 43

    Cyclades-PC400 43 Appendix A - Linux Installation Manual executed at boot to invoke the last configuration saved. Another option is to edit the file /etc/network/firewall (or another file) directly , following the syntax defined in the file itself. If the file is edited in this way , the command fwset cannot be used to save and restore the configur[...]

  • Page 44

    44 Installation Manual Appendix B - Hardware Specifications Cyclades-PC400 APPENDIX B HARDW ARE SPECIFICA TIONS This chapter provides the pinout diagram for the cable supplied with the product, in case it is lost or damaged. Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Signal RxT ip RxRing N.C. TxT ip TxRing N.C. N.C. N.C. Signal RxT ip RxRing N.C. TxT [...]

  • Page 45

    Cyclades Corporation 41829 Albrae Street Fremont, CA 94538 - USA Phone: (510) 770-9727 Fax: (510) 770-0355 www .cyclades.com Cyclades South America A v . Santa Catarina, 155 04635-000 São Paulo, SP , Brazil Phone: 55-1 1-5033-3333 Fax: 55-1 1-5033-3388 www .cyclades.com.br Cyclades Germany Rennweg 33 85435 Erding - Germany Phone: +49 (0)81 22 90 9[...]