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Behringer XR4400 manual

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Table of contents for the manual

  • Page 1

    MULTIGATE ® PRO XR4400 www.behringer.com E Version 1.1 April 2001 Users Manual ENGLISH[...]

  • Page 2

    2 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 This symbol, wherever it appears, alerts you to important operating and mainte- nance instructions in the accompanying literature. Read the manual. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS C A U T I O N: To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not remove the cover (or back). No user serviceable parts inside; refer servicing to qualified person[...]

  • Page 3

    3 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 FOREWORD Dear Customer, Welcome to the team of MULTIGATE PRO users and thank you very much for expressing your confidence in BEHRINGER products by purchasing this unit. It is one of my most pleasant tasks to write this letter to you, because it is the culmination of many months of hard work delivered by our engineering team[...]

  • Page 4

    4 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 XR4400 MULTIGATE ® PRO Audio interactive 4-channel expander/gate of the high-end class s High-precision parametric filter for frequency selective operation s UTR (Ultra Transient Response) selectable ultra-fast gate s IRC (Interactive Ratio Control) selectable ultra-smooth expander s Fully adjustable ratio control in expan[...]

  • Page 5

    5 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 T ABLE OF CONTENT 1 . INTRODUCTION .. ................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 T echnical background ...................................................................................................................... 7 1. 1.1 Noise as a phys[...]

  • Page 6

    6 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 1. INTRODUCTION With the BEHRINGER MULTIGATE PRO you purchased a dynamics processor of the high-end class designed to meet highest requirements: professional recording, broadcast and television studios, CD and digital production facilities, etc. Its complete range of features and innovative circuit topology make the MULTIGA[...]

  • Page 7

    7 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 + The following operational manual will introduce you to the BEHRINGER MULTIGATE PRO and its various functions. After reading the manual carefully, make sure it is always on hand for future reference. 1. 1 Technical background By employing current modern analog technology it is possible to manufacture audio equipment with a[...]

  • Page 8

    8 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 Ear Microphone Amplifier Power Amplifier T ape Recorder Radio Cassette Recorder P/dB 140 120 100 80 60 40 Fig. 1.1: The dynamic range capabilities of various devices It is therefore useful to keep the operating level as high as possible without risking signal distortion in order to achieve optimum transmission quality. It i[...]

  • Page 9

    9 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 of distortion or, for example, to avoid loudspeakers being damaged by overload, Compressors or Limiters are used. The principal function used in these devices is dependent on an automatic gain control as mentioned in the previous section, which reduces the amplitude of loud passages and therefore restricts the original dyna[...]

  • Page 10

    10 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 For the first time, the MULTIGATE PRO XR4400 uses SMD technology (Surface Mounted Device). These sub-miniature components known from aerospace technology allow for an extreme packing density, plus the units reliability could be improved. Additionally, the unit is manufactured in compliance with a ISO9000 certi- fied man[...]

  • Page 11

    11 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 1 2 3 2 1 3 Pin 1 Cable Input Output Pin 2 = (+) Signal Positive Pin 3 = (-) Signal Shield (+) Signal + Hum (-) Signal + Hum Negative (+)Hum + Signal (-)Hum + Signal 2 x Signal Ground RFI and Hum = Signal + 6 dB Fig. 3.1: Compensation of interference with balanced connections Unbalanced use of mono 1/4" jack plugs Rin[...]

  • Page 12

    12 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 4. CONTROLS Fig. 4.1: MUL TIGA TE PRO front p anel The BEHRINGER MULTIGATE PRO has four channels. Each of these channels is equipped with 3 or 4 push- buttons, 6 rotary controls and 11 LEDs. 4. 1 The front panel control elements Fig. 4.2: Control elements on the front panel 1 The FREQUENCY control determines the lower limi[...]

  • Page 13

    13 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 6 This traffic light LED chain shows the current operating mode of the unit: the + LED (red) indicates that the sidechain signal is below the threshold, the HOLD LED (yellow) informs you that the hold circuit/release process has been activated, while the - LED (green) shows that the sidechain signal is ab[...]

  • Page 14

    14 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 5. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 5. 1 EXPANDER mode As already described, a so-called downward expander automatically reduces the overall level of all signals that drop below an adjustable threshold, and thus expands the dynamic range of the program material. In other words, an expander is the opposite of a compressor. Expanders us[...]

  • Page 15

    15 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 5.2 .2 Attack, release and hold times The BEHRINGER MULTIGATE PRO is equipped with a MODE switch as well as a HOLD and RELEASE control to adjust the time-domain parameters that determine the so-called envelope: Fig. 6.2: Principle of envelope function Attack time The quality of an expander/gate is largely determined by the[...]

  • Page 16

    16 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 gain reduction applied. Thus, you can use smaller amounts of gain reduction making it possible to retain the natural sound of the program materialin particular, with signals that contain plenty of interference noise. 5.2 .5 IRC circuit (Interactive Ratio Control) In conventional expanders the control processes cut the s[...]

  • Page 17

    17 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 point of time. Also when synchronizing several instruments, inaccurate entries of individual musicians can be avoided. To expand phase-coherent stereo signals (i.e. signals having the same phase), it is imperative that the control processes be triggered simultaneously in both channels. Due to the differences in perceived l[...]

  • Page 18

    18 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 multitrack mixdowns, stage microphones currently not in use and to suppress background noise and crosstalk in multi-track recordings. In particular, when processing percussive instrument the use of the hard gating function is recommended. A few examples show you how to do it: Electric signals from percussion instrume[...]

  • Page 19

    19 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 signal will not be suppressed completely. Although the MULTIGATE PRO allows for a maximum gain reduction of 80 dB, it is usually not useful to reduce the signal level by this maximum amount. In particular, with highly noise-affected signals we recommend that you use a signal attenuation of not more than 10 to 20 dB, so tha[...]

  • Page 20

    20 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 The high sound pressure levels of the individual instruments lead to crosstalk in adjacent microphones. Frequency cancellations and a non-defined sound (comb filter effect) are the result. It has proven wise to use a separate microphone for each drum instrument and to gate each microphone channel. Insert the BE[...]

  • Page 21

    21 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 7. SPECIFICATIONS AUDIO INPUT Connectors XLR and 1/4" jack T yp e RF filtered, servo-balanced input Impedance 50 kOhm balanced, 25 kOhm unbalanced Max. Input Level +21 dBu balanced and unbalanced CMRR typ. 40 dB, >55 dB @ 1 kHz AUDIO OUTPUT Connectors XLR and 1/4" jack T yp e Electronically servo-balanced outp[...]

  • Page 22

    22 MUL TIGA TE PRO XR4400 8 . WARRANTY The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording of any kind, for any purpose, without the express written permission of BEHRINGER S p[...]