Casio fx-95MS manuale d’uso

fx-95MS fx-100MS fx-115MS ( fx-912MS) fx-570MS fx-991MS User's Guide k fx-912MS owners Please be sure to read the impor tant notice of this manual. http://world.casio.com/edu_e/ E[...]

CASIO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Unit 6, 1000 North Circular Road, London NW2 7JD, U.K.[...]

1 Removing and Replacing the Calculator’ s Cover • Before starting ..... 1 Holding the cov er as shown in the illustr ation, slide the unit out of the cov er . •A fter y ou are finished ..... 2 Holding the cov er as shown in the illustr ation, slide the unit out of the cov er . •A lwa ys slide the ke yboard end of the unit into the cov er f[...]

2 Caution This symbol is used to indicate inf or mation that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored. Batteries •A fter removing the battery from the calculator , put it in a safe place where it will not get into the hands of small children and accidentally sw allow ed. •K eep batteries out of the reach of small children. If[...]

3 only , and ma y diff er somewhat from the actual items the y represent. • The contents of this manual are subject to change with- out notice. •I n no e vent shall CASIO Computer Co ., Ltd. be liable to any one f or special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these mater[...]

4 •A vo id use and storage in areas subjected to large amounts of humidity and dust. Ta ke care ne ver to lea ve the calculator where it might be splashed by w ater or exposed to large amounts of hu- midity or dust. Such conditions can damage inter nal cir- cuitr y . •N e ver dr op the calculator or otherwise subject it to strong impact. •N e[...]

5 Contents Removing and Replacing the Calculator’ s Cover ................................... 1 Safety Precautions .................................. 2 Handling Precautions ............................. 3 Tw o-line Display ...................................... 7 Bef ore getting star ted... .......................... 7 k Modes ...................[...]

6 k Common and Natural Logarithms/ Antilogarithms ...................................................... 19 k Square Roots, Cube Roots , Roots, Squares, Cubes , Reciprocals, F actor ials, Random Numbers, π , and Pe rm utation/Combination .................................... 20 k Angle Unit Conv ersion ......................................... 21 k[...]

7 T wo-line Display The two-line displa y makes it possible to view both the calculation form ula and its result at the same time. • The upper line shows the calculation f ormula. • The lower line sho ws the result. A separator symbol is displa yed e v er y three digits when the integer par t of the mantissa has more than three dig- its. Befor [...]

8 •P r e ssing the F ke y more than twice displa ys additional setup screens. Setup screens are described in the sec- tions of this manual where the y are actually used to change the calculator setup . •I n this manual, the name of the mode you need to enter in order to perform the calculations being described is indicated in the main title of [...]

9 k Making Corrections During Input •U s e e and r t o mo v e t he cursor to the location y ou w ant. •P r e ss [ to delete the number or function at the current cursor position. •P r e ss A K to change to an insert cursor t . Inputting something while the inser t cursor is on the displa y in- ser ts the input at the insert cursor position. ?[...]

10 k Multi-statements A multi-statement is an e xpression that is made up of two or more smaller e xpressions, which are joined using a colon ( : ). • Example: To add 2 + 3 and then multiply the result b y 4 2 + 3 p g - 4 = = k Exponential Display Formats This calculator can display up to 10 digits . Larger values are automatically displa yed u[...]

11 k Decimal P oint and Separator Symbols Y ou can use the displa y setup (Disp) screen to specify the symbols you w ant for the decimal point and 3-digit sepa- rator. •T o change the decimal point and separ ator symbol set- COMP Basic Calculations ting, press the F ke y a number of times until y ou reach the setup screen shown belo w . 1 Disp fx[...]

12 • It is not necessary to enclose a negative exponent within parentheses. sin 2.34  10 –5 → S 2.34 e D 5 • Example 1: 3  (5  10 –9 )  1.5  10 –8 3 - 5 e D 9 = • Example 2: 5  (9  7)  80 5 - R 9 + 7 T = •Y ou can skip all T operations before = . k Fraction Operations u Fraction Calculations •V alues are di[...]

13 1 2. 00 1 2 • Example 2: ↔ 0.5 (F raction ↔ Decimal) 1 C 2 = C C 0.5 00 1 2. 00 2 3 4. 00 11 4. 00 • Example 1: 2.75  2 (Decimal → Fr a ction) 2.75 = 2.75 C  A B 3 4 11 4 u Mixed Fraction ↔ Impr oper Fraction Con version • Example: 1 ↔ 1 C 2 C 3 = A B A B 5 3. 00 1 2 3. 00 5 3 2 3 1 2 3. 00 •Y ou can use the displa y setu[...]

14 • An error occurs if you try to input a mixed fr action while the d/c display f ormat is selected. k Pe r centage Calculations • Example 1 : To calculate 12% of 1500 (180) 1500 - 12 A v • Example 2: To calculate what percentage of 880 is 660 (75%) 660 880 A v • Example 3 : To add 15% onto 2500 (2875) 2500 - 15 A v + • Example 4 : To [...]

15 k Degrees, Minutes, Seconds Calculations •Y ou can perform se xagesimal calculations using degrees (hours), minutes, and seconds , and conv er t between sexagesimal and decimal v alues . • Example 1: To con vert the decimal value 2.258 to a sexagesimal v alue and then bac k to a decimal value 2.258 = 2.258 A O 2 ° 15 ° 28.8 I 2.258 • Exa[...]

16 200 7 = - 14 = (Internal calculation continues using 12 digits.) 28.571 00 400.000 00 28.571 00 28.571 00 399.994 00 200 7 = (Internal rounding) A Q - 14 = The f ollowing perf orms the same calculation using the specified number of decimal places . •P r e ss F ..... 3 (Norm) 1 to clear the Fix specifica- tion. • Example 2: 1  3, displ[...]

17 •Y ou can recall Answ er Memor y contents by pressing g . •A ns wer Memory can store up to 12 digits for the mantissa and two digits f or the e xponent. • Ans wer Memory contents are not updated if the opera- tion perf ormed by any of the abov e ke y operations re- sults in an error . k Consecutive Calculations •Y ou can use the calculat[...]

18 COMP par ticular variab le: 0 A j 1 . This operation de- letes the data assigned to v ariable A. •P erform the f ollowing ke y operation when y ou want to clear the values assigned to all of the v ariables . A B 1 (Mcl) = • Example: 193.2  23  8.4 193.2  28  6.9 193.2 A j 1 23 = p 1 28 = Scientific Function Calculations Use t[...]

19 • Example 1: sin 63 ° 52  41   0.897859012 q ..... 1 ( Deg) S 63 I 52 I 41 I = • Example 2: cos ( rad )  0.5 q ..... 2 ( Rad) W R A x 3 T = π 3 • Example 3 : cos  1  q ..... 2 ( Rad) A V R L 2 2 T = g A x = 0.25 π ( r ad) (  ( r ad) ) π 4 2 2 • Example 4: tan  1 0.741  36.53844577 ° q ..... 1 ( Deg) [...]

20 k Square Roots, Cube Roots, Roots, Squares, Cubes, Recipr ocals, F actorials, Random Numbers, π , and P ermutation/Combination 1  1 3 4 1 • Example 6:  12 R 3 a , 4 a T a = • Example 7: 8!  40320 8 A f = • Example 4: 123  30 2  1023 123 + 30 K = • Example 5: 12 3  1728 12 N * = * A N in the case of fx-570MS/fx-991MS . [...]

21 * A n in the case of fx-100MS/fx-115MS/fx-570MS/ fx-991MS. k Angle Unit Con ver sion •P r e ss A v to displa y the f ollowing menu. 1 2 3 D R G •P r e ssing 1 , 2 , or 3 conv erts the displayed v alue to the corresponding angle unit. • Example: To c o n v e r t 4.25 radians to degrees q ..... 1 ( Deg) 4.25 A v 2 ( R ) = 243.5070629 4 . 2 5[...]

22 k Engineering Notation Calculations 2 3 De g r ee ? EQN • Example 1: To conv er t 56,088 meters to kilometers → 56.088  10 3 56088 = J (km) • Example 2: To conv er t 0.08125 grams to milligr ams → 81.25  10 –3 0.08125 = J (mg) Equation Calculations The EQN Mode lets y ou solve equations up to three de- gr ees and simultaneous lin[...]

23 0. x1 = Solution Va r iable name Arrow indicates direction you should scroll to vie w other solutions. Press the ] key to view other solutions. Use [ and ] to scroll between all of the solutions f or the equation. Pressing the t ke y at this point returns to the coefficient input screen. • Cer tain coefficients can cause calculation to take mo[...]

24 0.25 x1 = 0.75 x1 = i R ⇔ I R ⇔ I D D A r • Example 2: To solv e the equation 8 x 2 – 4 x + 5 = 0 ( x = 0.25 ± 0.75 i ) (Degree?) 2 ( a ?) 8 = ( b ?) D 4 = ( c ?) 5 = ( x 1 = 0.25 + 0.75 i ) ] ( x 2 = 0.25 – 0.75 i ) Simultaneous Linear Equations with T wo Unknowns: a 1 x + b 1 y = c 1 a 2 x + b 2 y = c 2 Simultaneous Linear Equations[...]

25 •A ny time until you input a value f or the final coefficient ( c 2 for two unknowns, d 3 fo r three unknowns), you can use the [ and ] ke ys to mov e between coefficients on the screen and make changes , if you want. • Note that you cannot input comple x numbers f or coeffi- cients. Calculation star ts and one of the solutions appears as so[...]

26 SD SD REG Statistical Calculations Standard De viation Use the F ke y to enter the SD Mode when y ou want to perf or m statistical calculations using standard de- viation. SD .................................... F 2 (fx-95MS) F F 1 (Other Models) •A lwa ys star t data input with A B 1 (Scl) = to clear statistical memory . •I nput data using [...]

27 P opulation Standard De viation ( σ n ) = 1.316956719 A X 2 = Arithmetic Mean ( o ) = 53.375 A X 1 = Number of Data ( n ) = 8 A U 3 = Sum of V alues ( Σ x ) = 427 A U 2 = Sum of Squares of V alues ( Σ x 2 ) = 22805 A U 1 = Data Input Precautions • S S inputs the same data twice . •Y ou can also input multiple entries of the same data us- [...]

28 Press 2 to e xit data input without registering the value y ou just input. Press 1 if you want to register the v alue y ou just input, without sa ving it in memor y . If y ou do this, ho we ver , you will not be able to displa y or edit an y of the data you ha ve input. •T o delete data you hav e just input, press A U . •A fter inputting sta[...]

29 •A lwa ys star t data input with A B 1 (Scl) = to clear statistical memory . •I nput data using the ke y sequence shown belo w . < x -data> P < y -data> S • The values produced b y a regression calculation depend on the values input, and results can be recalled using the ke y operations shown in the tab le below . To recall thi[...]

30 • The values in the abo ve tab les can be used inside of ex pressions the same way y ou use v ariables. u Linear Regression • The regression f ormula for linear regression is: y = A + B x . • Example: Atmospheric Pressure vs. T emperature Pe rform linear regression to de- ter mine the regression f ormula ter ms and correlation coefficient [...]

31 Te mperature at 1000 hP a = 4.642857143 1000 A X r r r 1 = Coefficient of Determination = 0.965517241 A X r r 3 K = Sample Cov ariance = 35 E A U r 3 , A U 3 - A X 1 - A X r 1 F E A U 3 , 1 F = u Logarithmic, Exponential, P ower , and In ver se Regression •U se the same ke y operations as linear regression to re- call results f or these type[...]

32 Regression Coefficient A = –35.59856934 A X r r 1 = Regression Coefficient B = 1.495939413 A X r r 2 = Regression Coefficient C = – 6.71629667  10 –3 A X r r 3 = n when x i is 16 = –13.38291067 16 A X r r r 3 = m 1 when y i is 20 = 47.14556728 20 A X r r r 1 = m 2 when y i is 20 = 175.5872105 20 A X r r r 2 = Data Input Precautions ?[...]

33 the display . Press t to clear the error , or press e or r to displa y the calculation and correct the problem. See “Error Locator” f or details. Math ERROR •C auses • Calculation result is outside the allow able calculation r ange. • An attempt to perf or m a function calculation using a va lue that exceeds the allow able input r ange[...]

34 • Action •P r e ss e or r to displa y the location of the cause of the error and make required corrections . k Order of Operations Calculations are perf or med in the follo wing order of prec- edence. 1 Coordinate transf ormation: P ol ( x , y ), Rec ( r , θ ) Differentials: d/dx * Integrations: ∫ dx * Normal distribution: P(*, Q(*, R(* 2[...]

35 * fx-100MS/fx-115MS/fx-570MS/fx-991MS only . ** fx-570MS/fx-991MS only . • Operations of the same precedence are perf ormed from ri ght to left. e x In 120 → e x {In( 120)} •O ther operations are perf ormed from left to r ight. • Operations enclosed in parentheses are perf ormed first. •W hen a calculation contains an argument that is [...]

36 •C alculations are perf or med in sequence according to “Order of Operations . ” Commands and values are de- leted from the stack as the calculation is perf ormed. k Input Ranges Internal digits: 12 Accuracy * : As a rule , accuracy is ± 1 at the 10th digit. Functions Input Range sin x DEG 0   x   4.499999999  10 10 RAD 0 ?[...]

37 Functions Input Range x 0  x  1  10 100 x 2  x  1  10 50 1/ x  x  1  10 100 ; x G 0 3 x  x  1  10 100 x !0  x  69 ( x is an integer) n P r 0  n  1  10 10 , 0  r  n ( n , r are integers) 1  { n !/( n – r )!}  1  10 100 n C r 0  n  1  10 10 , 0  r  n ( n , [...]

38 *F o r a single calculation, calculation error is ± 1 at the 10th digit. (In the case of e xponential displa y , calculation error is ± 1 at the last significant digit.) Errors are cumulativ e in the case of consecutive calculations , which can also cause them to become large. (This is also true of internal consecutive calculations that are pe[...]

39 u A uto P ower Off Calculator pow er automatically tur ns off if you do not per- fo rm any oper ation for about six minutes . When this hap- pens, press 5 to turn power bac k on. Specifications (fx-95MS only) Users of other models should ref er to the “User’ s Guide 2 (Additional Functions). ” Po wer Supply: Single AA-size battery (R6P (SU[...]

SA0206-E Printed in China CA 310067-1 CASIO COMPUTER CO. , L TD . 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan SA0206-D Pr inted in China CA 310063-1[...]