Adobe Photoshop CS4 manuale d’uso

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iv USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Contents La s t updated 1/10/2010 Color-managing imported images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Color-managing documents for online viewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

v USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Contents La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 11: Painting Painting tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Brush presets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

vi USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Contents La s t updated 1/10/2010 Printing duotones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494 Printing spot colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [...]

vii USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Contents La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 22: Keyboard shortcuts Customizing keyboard shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654 Default keyboard shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .[...]

1 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 1: Resources Before you begin working with your software, take a few moments to read an overview of activation and the many resources available to you. You have access to instructional videos, plug-ins, templates, user communities, seminars, tutorials, RSS feeds, and much more. Activation and registration Help wit[...]

2 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Resources La s t updated 1/10/2010 ReadMe A ReadMe file for your software is available on-line and on the installation disc. Open the file to read important information about topics such as the following: • System requirements • Installation (including uninstalling the software) • Activation and registration • Font ins[...]

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26 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Resize or change hardness of painting cursors by dragging You can resize or change the hardness of a painting cursor by dragging in the image. As you drag, you preview both the size and hardness of the painting tool. ❖ Do one of the following: • To resize a cursor, right-click + Alt (Win[...]

27 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Create a tool preset 1 Choose a tool, and set the options you want to save as a tool preset in the options bar. 2 Do one of the following: • Click the Tool Preset button next to the tool at the left of the options bar. • Choose Window > Tool Presets to display the Tool Presets panel. [...]

28 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 • Select the Hand tool and drag to pan over the image. To use the Hand tool while another tool is selected, hold down the spacebar as you drag in the image. If your computer has OpenGL, you can use the Hand tool to “flick pan” the image in the direction you want to view. After a quick [...]

29 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 To simultaneously set the size and position of the proxy area, Control-drag (Windows) or Command-drag (Mac OS) in the image thumbnail. • To change the color of the proxy view area, select Panel Options from the panel menu. Select a preset color from the Color pop-up menu, or click the colo[...]

30 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Set Zoom tool preferences Some of the Zoom tool preferences require that your computer has OpenGL. If your computer has OpenGL, be sure to enable it in Photoshop. Choose Edit > Preferences > Performance (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences > Performance (Mac OS), and then select [...]

31 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Release the mouse button and then the H key. The image returns to the previous magnification and tool. Automatically resize the window when zooming ❖ With the Zoom tool active, select Resize Windows To Fit in the options bar. The window is resized when you magnify or reduce the view of t[...]

32 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Float in Window Allows image to float freely. Float All in Windows Floats all images. Consolidate All to Tabs Shows one image in full screen and minimizes the other images to tabs. You can use the Hand tool’s Scroll All Windows option to scroll through all open images. Select it in the opt[...]

33 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 The Info panel displays the following information: • Depending on the option you specify, the Info panel displays 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit values. • When displaying CMYK values, the Info panel displays an exclamation point next to the CMYK values if the color beneath the pointer or color[...]

34 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Change the Info panel options 1 Click the triangle in the upper right corner to open the Info panel menu and choose Panel Options. 2 In the Info Panel Options dialog box, for First Color Readout, choose one of the following display options: Actual Color Displays values in the current color m[...]

35 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 6 (Optional) Select Show Tool Hints to display a hint for using a selected tool at the bottom of the Info panel. 7 Click OK. To change measurement units, click the crosshair icon in the Info panel and choose from the menu. Display file information in the document window The status bar is loc[...]

36 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Click the file information area of the status bar to display document width, height, channels, and resolution. Control- click (Windows) or Command-click (Mac OS), to display tile width and height. More Help topics “ Adjust dynamic range view for HDR images ” on page 75 Duplicate an image[...]

37 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Dragging to create new ruler origin More Help topics “ Use snapping ” on page 40 Change the unit of measurement 1 Do one of the following: • Double-click a ruler. • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences > Units & Rulers, or right-click the ruler and then choose a new unit fro[...]

38 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 • The angle measured relative to the axis (A) • The total length traveled (D1) • The two lengths traveled (D1 and D2), when you use a protractor All measurements except the angle are calculated in the unit of measure currently set in the Units & Rulers preference dialog box. If you[...]

39 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Show or hide a grid, guides, or smart guides ❖ Do one of the following: • Choose View > Show > Grid. • Choose View > Show > Guides. • View > Show > Smart Guides. • Choose View > Extras. This command also shows or hides layer edges, selection edges, target paths[...]

40 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Remove guides from the image ❖ Do one of the following: • To remove a single guide, drag the guide outside the image window. • To remove all guides, choose View > Clear Guides. Set guide and grid preferences 1 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences > [...]

41 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Show or hide Extras Guides, grid, target paths, selection edges, slices, text bounds, text baselines, and text selections are nonprinting Extras that help you select, move, or edit images and objects. You can turn on or off an Extra or any combination of Extras without affecting the image. Y[...]

42 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Rearranging tool presets in the Preset Manager Note: To delete a preset in the Preset Manager, select the preset and click Delete. You can always use the Reset command to restore the default items in a library. Load a library of preset items ❖ Do one of the following: • Click the triangl[...]

43 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To save a subset of the current list as a library, hold down Shift, and select the items you want to save. 2 Click Save Set, choose a location for the library, enter a file name, and click Save. You can save the library anywhere. However, if you place the library file in the appropriate [...]

44 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Open a preferences dialog box 1 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Choose Edit > Preferences and choose the desired preference set from the submenu. • (Mac OS) Choose Photoshop > Preferences, and then choose the desired preference set from the submenu. 2 To switch to a different [...]

45 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Install a plug-in module In Mac OS, you cannot run Photoshop in the Classic environment. Plug-ins originally intended to work on Mac OS 9 won’t appear. ❖ Do one of the following: • To install an Adobe Systems plug-in module, use the plug-in installer, if provided. In Windows, you can a[...]

46 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Revert to the last saved version ❖ Choose File > Revert. Note: Revert is added as a history state in the History panel and can be undone. Restore part of an image to its previously saved version ❖ Do one of the following: • Use the History Brush tool to paint with the selected state[...]

47 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Photoshop History panel A. Sets the source for the history brush B. Thumbnail of a snapshot C. History state D. History state slider Keep the following in mind when using the History panel: • Program-wide changes, such as changes to panels, color settings, actions, and preferences, are not[...]

48 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Delete one or more image states ❖ Do one of the following: • Click the name of the state, and choose Delete from the History panel menu to delete that change and those that came after it. • Drag the state to the Delete icon to delete that change and those that came after it. • Choose[...]

49 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Make Layer Visibility Changes Undoable By default, turning layer visibility on or off is not recorded as a history step and therefore can’t be undone. Select this option to include layer visibility changes in history steps. Set Edit History Log options You may need to keep careful track of[...]

50 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 • With snapshots, you can recover your work easily. When you experiment with a complex technique or apply an action, take a snapshot first. If you’re not satisfied with the results, you can select the snapshot to undo all the steps. Note: Snapshots are not saved with the image—closing [...]

51 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 The History Brush tool copies from one state or snapshot to another, but only at the same location. In Photoshop, you can also paint with the Art History Brush tool to create special effects. 1 Select the History Brush tool . 2 Do one of the following in the options bar: • Specify the opac[...]

52 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 To ensure optimal performance, only local drives are available as scratch disks. 2 Click OK. 3 To apply the changes, restart Photoshop. Specify history and cache settings ❖ In Performance preferences, do any of the following: • To specify how many states the History panel displays by def[...]

53 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Workspace La s t updated 1/10/2010 Manage connections to web services In Adobe® Creative Suite® 4, the Connections panel lets you manage connections to web services and the locally installed extensions that interact with them. The Connections panel itself is an extension. Additional extensions installed with Creative Suite [...]

54 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 3: Opening and importing images Adobe® Photoshop® CS4 can open and import many types of graphic files. To work effectively, you should understand basic imaging concepts, and how to acquire, import, and resize images. Image essentials About bitmap images Bitmap images—technically called raster images —use a [...]

55 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 The vector objects you create using the drawing and shape tools in Adobe Creative Suite are examples of vector graphics. You can use the Copy and Paste commands to duplicate vector graphics between Creative Suite components. More Help topics “ About bitmap images ” on [...]

56 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 RGB images are made of three color channels. An 8-bit per pixel RGB image has 256 possible values for each channel which means it has over 16 million possible color values. RGB images with 8-bits per channel (bpc) are sometimes called 24-bit images (8 bits x 3 channels = 2[...]

57 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Same image at 72-ppi and 300-ppi; inset zoom 200% Unless an image is resampled (see “ Resampling ” on page 59 ), the amount of image data remains constant as you change either the pixel dimension or resolution. For example, if you change the resolution of a file, its w[...]

58 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Quickly display the current image size If you want to quickly display a document’s current image size, use the information box at the bottom of the document window. ❖ Position the pointer over the file information box, and hold down the mouse button. More Help topics ?[...]

59 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Screen frequency is the number of printer dots or halftone cells per inch used to print grayscale images or color separations. Also known as screen ruling or line screen , screen frequency is measured in lines per inch (lpi)—or lines of cells per inch in a halftone scree[...]

60 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Resampling pixels A. Downsampled B. Original C. Resampled up (selected pixels displayed for each set of images) Keep in mind that resampling can result in poorer image quality. For example, when you resample an image to larger pixel dimensions, the image loses some detail [...]

61 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 You can specify a default interpolation method to use whenever Photoshop resamples image data. Choose Edit > Preferences > General (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences > General (Mac OS), and then choose a method from the Image Interpolation Methods menu. More [...]

62 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 4 Under Document Size, enter new values for the height and width. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement. Note that for Width, the Columns option uses the width and gutter sizes specified in the Units & Rulers preferences. 5 For Resolution, enter a new value. If [...]

63 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Acquiring images from cameras and scanners Acquiring digital images from cameras You can copy images to your computer by connecting your camera or a media card reader to your computer. • Use the Get Photos From Camera command in Adobe® Bridge® CS4 to download photos, a[...]

64 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Note: To import images from TWAIN-compatible scanners, see “ Import an image using the TWAIN interface ” on page 653. More Help topics “ About plug-in modules ” on page 44 “ Determine scan resolution for printing ” on page 493 Import images from a scanner using[...]

65 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 5 Set the Resolution, Color Mode, and bit depth. If you’ve copied a selection to the clipboard, the image dimensions and resolution are automatically based on that image data. 6 Select a canvas color option: White Fills the background layer with white, the default backgr[...]

66 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Open a file using the Open command 1 Choose File > Open. 2 Select the name of the file you want to open. If the file does not appear, select the option for showing all files from the Files Of Type (Windows) or Enable (Mac OS) pop-up menu. 3 Click Open. In some cases, a [...]

67 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 4 Click the thumbnails to select the pages or images you want to open. Shift-click to select more than one page or image. The number of selected items appears under the preview window. If you’re importing images, skip to step 8. Note: Use the Thumbnail Size menu to adjus[...]

68 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Open an EPS file Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) can represent both vector and bitmap data and is supported by virtually all graphic, illustration, and page-layout programs. The Adobe application that primarily produces PostScript artwork is Adobe Illustrator. When you open [...]

69 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Version Cue enables versioning and asset management in all applications, but it includes enhanced features for the following products: Adobe Flash®, Adobe Illustrator®, Adobe InDesign®, Adobe InCopy®, Adobe Photoshop®, and Adobe Bridge. When you use any of these appli[...]

70 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 5 If you’re placing a PDF, EPS, or Adobe Illustrator file, set the Anti-alias option in the options bar as desired. To blend edge pixels during rasterization, select the Anti-alias option. To produce a hard-edged transition between edge pixels during rasterization, desel[...]

71 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To paste the art as a Smart Object, rasterized image, path, or shape layer, turn on the PDF and the AICB (No Transparency Support) options in the File Handling & Clipboard preferences. 2 Open a file in Adobe Illustrator, select the art you want to copy, and choose [...]

72 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Merging images of different exposures to create an HDR image A. Image with shadow detail but highlights clipped B. Image with highlight detail but shadows clipped C. HDR image containing the dynamic range of the scene In Photoshop, the luminance values of an HDR image are [...]

73 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Photoshop support for 32-bpc HDR images Use the following tools, adjustments, and filters with 32-bpc HDR images: Adjustments Levels, Exposure, Hue/Saturation, Channel Mixer, Photo Filter. Note: Although the Exposure command can be used with 8- and 16-bpc images, it is des[...]

74 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 • The exposure differences between the photos should be one or two EV (exposure value) steps apart (equivalent to about one or two f-stops apart). • Don’t vary the lighting; for instance, don’t use a flash in one exposure but not the next. • Make sure that nothin[...]

75 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 If you chose to save the merged image as an 8-bits or 16-bpc image, the HDR Conversion dialog box opens. Make the exposure and contrast corrections to produce an image with the dynamic range (tonal range) you want. For more information, see “ Convert from 32 bits to 8 or[...]

76 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Local Adaptation Adjusts the tonality in the HDR image by calculating the amount of correction necessary for local brightness regions throughout the image. 3 (Optional) Click the arrow to display the toning curve and histogram. The histogram shows the luminance values in t[...]

77 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 About the HDR Color Picker (Photoshop Extended) The HDR Color Picker allows you to accurately view and select colors for use in 32-bit HDR images. As in the regular Adobe Color Picker, you select a color by clicking a color field and adjusting the color slider. The Intensi[...]

78 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Opening and importing images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Use the Intensity slider to adjust the brightness of the color. The color value plus the intensity value are converted to 32-bit floating point number values in your HDR document. 1 Select a color by clicking in the color field and moving the color slider, or by entering H[...]

79 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 4: Camera Raw Introduction to Camera Raw About camera raw files A camera raw file contains unprocessed, uncompressed grayscale picture data from a digital camera’s image sensor, along with information about how the image was captured (metadata). Photoshop Camera Raw software interprets the camera raw file, usin[...]

80 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 Using Adobe Bridge, you can apply, copy, and clear image settings, and you can see previews and metadata for camera raw files without opening them in the Camera Raw dialog box. The preview in Adobe Bridge is a JPEG image generated using the current image settings; the preview is not the raw[...]

81 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 Processing images with Camera Raw 1. Copy camera raw files to your hard disk, organize them, and (optionally) convert them to DNG. Before you do any work on the images that your camera raw files represent, transfer them from the camera’s memory card, organize them, give them useful names,[...]

82 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 Open Image or OK Opens copies of the camera raw image files (with the Camera Raw settings applied) in Photoshop or After Effects. The original camera raw image file remains unaltered. Press Shift while clicking Open Image to open the raw file in Photoshop as a Smart Object. At any time, you[...]

83 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 Camera Raw Settings menu To open the Camera Raw Settings menu, click the button in the upper-right corner of any of the image adjustment tabs. Several of the commands in this menu are also available from the Edit > Develop Settings menu in Adobe Bridge. Camera Raw view controls Zoom tool[...]

84 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 Note: The Camera Raw cache holds data for about 200 images for each gigabyte of disk storage allocated to it. By default, the Camera Raw cache is set to a maximum size of 1 GB. You can increase its limit in the Camera Raw preferences. 1 In Adobe Bridge, choose Edit > Camera Raw Preferenc[...]

85 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 You can also synchronize settings to apply settings from the active image to all selected images. You can quickly apply a set of adjustments to an entire set of images—such as all shots taken under the same conditions—and then fine-tune the individual shots later, after you’ve determi[...]

86 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 • When creating a droplet, select Suppress File Open Options Dialogs in the Play area of the Create Droplet dialog box. This prevents the display of the Camera Raw dialog box as each camera raw image is processed. Open images in Camera Raw • To process raw images in Camera Raw, select o[...]

87 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 File Naming Specifies the filename using a naming convention that includes elements such as date and camera serial number. Using informative filenames based on a naming convention helps you keep image files organized. 3 Choose a file format from the Format menu. Digital Negative Saves a cop[...]

88 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 A histogram is made up of three layers of color that represent the red, green, and blue color channels. White appears when all three channels overlap; yellow, magenta, and cyan appear when two of the RGB channels overlap (yellow equals the red + green channels, magenta equals the red + blue[...]

89 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 Note: Not all color casts are a result of incorrect white balance. Use the DNG Profile Editor to correct a color cast that remains after the white balance is adjusted. See “ Adjust color rendering for your camera in Camera Raw ” on page 93. The Basic tab in the Camera Raw dialog box has[...]

90 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 To adjust the white balance quickly, select the White Balance tool , and then click an area in the preview image that should be a neutral gray or white. The Temperature and Tint properties adjust to make the selected color exactly neutral (if possible). If you’re clicking whites, choose a[...]

91 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 in the shadows, with much less change in the midtones and highlights. Using the Blacks slider is like using the black point slider for input levels when using the Photoshop Levels command or the After Effects Levels effect. Brightness Adjusts the brightness or darkness of the image, much as[...]

92 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Camera Raw La s t updated 1/10/2010 Clarity, Vibrance, and Saturation controls in Camera Raw You can change the color saturation (vividness or color purity) of all colors by adjusting the Clarity, Vibrance, and Saturation controls on the Basic tab. (To adjust saturation for a specific range of colors, use the controls on the [...]

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313 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Create an adjustment or fill layer mask using a selection or path 1 In the Layers panel, select the layer to which you want to apply the adjustment or fill layer. 2 In the image, create a pixel selection, or create and select a closed path. A selection confines the new adjustment or fill layer[...]

314 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Make the desired changes in the Adjustments panel. Note: Inverted adjustment layers do not have editable settings. Merging adjustment or fill layers You can merge an adjustment or fill layer several ways: with the layer below it, with the layers in its own grouped layer, with other selected [...]

315 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 More Help topics “ About Camera Raw ” on page 79 “ About adjustment and fill layers ” on page 311 “ Crop images ” on page 196 “ About layer and vector masks ” on page 323 “ Retouch with the Clone Stamp tool ” on page 201 “ Retouch with the Healing Brush tool ” on page 2[...]

316 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Create Smart Objects ❖ Do any of the following: • Choose File > Open As Smart Object, select a file, and click Open. • Choose File > Place to import files as Smart Objects into an open Photoshop document. Although you can place JPEG files, it's better to place PSD, TIFF, or PS[...]

317 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Photoshop updates the Smart Object to reflect the changes you made. (If you don’t see the changes, make the Photoshop document containing the Smart Object active). Replace the contents of a Smart Object You can update the image data in one or multiple (if the Smart Objects are linked) instan[...]

318 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Use filter masks to selectively mask Smart Filter effects. See “ Mask Smart Filters ” on page 319. Apply a Smart Filter 1 Do one of the following: • To apply a Smart Filter to an entire Smart Object layer, select the layer in the Layers panel. • To constrain the effects of the Smart Fi[...]

319 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Hide Smart Filters ❖ Do one of the following: • To hide a single Smart Filter, click the eye icon next to the Smart Filter in the Layers panel. To show the Smart Filter, click in the column again. • To hide all Smart Filters applied to a Smart Object layer, click the eye icon next to the[...]

320 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 More Help topics “ Select and display the layer mask channel ” on page 326 “ Load a layer or layer mask’s boundaries as a selection ” on page 329 Mask Smart Filter effects 1 Click the filter mask thumbnail in the Layers panel to make it active. A border appears around the mask thumbn[...]

321 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Delete a Smart Filter mask • Click the filter mask thumbnail in the Layers panel, then click the Delete icon in the Masks panel. • Drag the filter mask thumbnail in the Layers panel to the Delete icon. • Select the Smart Filter Effect, and choose Layer > Smart Filters > Delete Filt[...]

322 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Create a layer comp 1 Choose Window > Layer Comps to display the Layer Comps panel. 2 Click the Create New Layer Comp button at the bottom of the Layer Comps panel. The new comp reflects the current state of layers in the Layers panel. 3 In the New Layer Comp dialog box, name the comp, add [...]

323 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 • Right-click (Windows) or Control-click (Mac OS) the caution icon to see the pop-up menu that lets you choose either the Clear Layer Comp Warning or the Clear All Layer Comp Warnings command. Delete a layer comp ❖ Do one of the following: • Select the layer comp in the Layer Comps panel[...]

324 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Masking layer A. Layer mask thumbnail B. Vector mask thumbnail C. Vector Mask Link icon D. Add Mask You can edit a layer mask to add or subtract from the masked region. A layer mask is a grayscale image, so areas you paint in black are hidden, areas you paint in white are visible, and areas yo[...]

325 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Add layer masks When you add a layer mask, you need to decide if you want to hide or show all of the layer. Later, you’ll paint on the mask to hide portions of that layer and reveal the layers beneath. Or, you can create a layer mask that automatically hides a portion of the layer by making [...]

326 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 To paste a copied selection into a layer mask, Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel to select and display the mask channel. Choose Edit > Paste, then Select > Deselect. The selection is converted to grayscale and added to the mask. Cli[...]

327 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Disable or enable a layer mask ❖ Do one of the following: • Select the layer containing the layer mask you want to disable or enable, and click the Disable/Enable Mask button in the Masks panel. • Shift-click the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel. • Select the layer containing t[...]

328 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Edit a vector mask 1 In the Layers panel, select the layer containing the vector mask you want to edit. 2 Click the Vector Mask button in the Masks panel or the thumbnail in the Paths panel. Then change the shape using the shape, pen, or Direct Selection tools. See “ Editing paths ” on pag[...]

329 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Apply or delete a layer mask You can apply a layer mask to permanently delete the hidden portions of a layer. Layer masks are stored as alpha channels, so applying and deleting layer masks can help reduce file size. You can also delete a layer mask without applying the changes. 1 In the Layers[...]

330 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Clipping mask: content of the clipped layer (Potatoes) is only visible within the content of the base layer (Logo) You can use multiple layers in a clipping mask, but they must be successive layers. The name of the base layer in the mask is underlined, and the thumbnails for the overlying laye[...]

331 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Layers La s t updated 1/10/2010 Combine multiple images into a group portrait You can use the Auto-Align Layers command from the Edit menu to make a composite photo from a pair of nearly identical images that may contain some unwanted areas. For example, one shot of a group portrait is ideal except that one of the subjects h[...]

332 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 11: Painting Painting changes the color of image pixels. You use painting tools and techniques to retouch images, create or edit masks on alpha channels, rotoscope or paint on video frames, and to paint original art. Brush tips, brush presets, and the many brush options give you creative control to produce stunn[...]

333 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Paint with the Brush tool or Pencil tool The Brush tool and the Pencil tool paint the current foreground color on an image. The Brush tool creates soft strokes of color. The Pencil tool creates hard-edged lines. Note: The Rotation tool rotates the canvas, which can facilitate easier painting[...]

334 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Paint with a pattern The Pattern Stamp tool paints with a pattern. You can select a pattern from the pattern libraries or create your own patterns. 1 Select the Pattern Stamp tool . 2 Choose a brush from the Brush Presets picker. See “ Select a preset brush ” on page 337.) 3 Set tool opt[...]

335 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 • For Area, enter a value to specify the area covered by the paint strokes. The greater the size, the larger the covered area and the more numerous the strokes. • For Tolerance, enter a value to limit the regions where paint strokes can be applied. A low tolerance lets you paint unlimite[...]

336 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Do the following in the options bar: • Enter a tolerance value to define the range of colors that can be erased. A low tolerance erases pixels within a range of color values very similar to the pixel you click. A high tolerance extends the range of colors that will be erased. • Select [...]

337 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 5 Drag through the area you want to erase. The Background Eraser tool pointer appears as a brush shape with a cross hair indicating the tool’s hot spot . Auto Erase with the Pencil tool The Auto Erase option for the Pencil tool lets you paint the background color over areas containing the [...]

338 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Note: You can also select a brush from the Brushes panel. To view the loaded presets, select Brush Presets on the left side of the panel. 3 Change options for the preset brush. Diameter Temporarily changes the brush size. Drag the slider or enter a value. If the brush has a dual tip, both th[...]

339 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Choose a location for the brush library, enter a file name, and click Save. You can save the library anywhere. However, if you place the library file in the Presets/Brushes folder in the default preset location, the library name will appear at the bottom of the Brush Preset picker menu and[...]

340 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 The brush stroke preview at the bottom of the panel shows how paint strokes look with the current brush options. Brushes panel with Brush Tip Shape options displayed A. Locked B. Unlocked C. Selected brush tip D. Brush settings E. Brush stroke preview F. pop-up menu G. Brush tip shapes (avai[...]

341 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 In the Brushes panel, choose an existing brush preset to modify or select a brush shape from the Brush Tip Shape panel of the Brushes panel. You can also create a new brush tip from an image. 3 Select Brush Tip Shape on the left side of the Brushes panel, and set options. See “ Brush tip[...]

342 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Flipping a brush tip on its x axis. A. Brush tip in its default position B. Flip X selected C. Flip X and Flip Y selected Flip Y Changes the direction of a brush tip on its y axis. Flipping a brush tip on its y axis. A. Brush tip in its default position B. Flip Y selected C. Flip Y and Flip [...]

343 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Brush strokes with different hardness values Spacing Controls the distance between the brush marks in a stroke. To change the spacing, type a number, or use the slider to enter a value that is a percentage of the brush diameter. When this option is deselected, the speed of the cursor determi[...]

344 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 More Help topics “ Brushes panel overview ” on page 339 “ Create a brush and set painting options ” on page 340 Brush shape dynamics Shape dynamics determine the variance of brush marks in a stroke. Brush stokes without shape dynamics and with shape dynamics Size Jitter and Control S[...]

345 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Roundness Jitter and Control Specifies how the roundness of brush marks varies in a stroke. To specify the maximum percentage of jittering, enter a percentage indicating the ratio between the brush’s short and long axes. To specify how you want to control the roundness variance of brush ma[...]

346 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 • Fade Fades the number of brush marks from the Count value to 1 in the specified number of steps. • Pen Pressure, Pen Tilt, Stylus Wheel, Rotation Varies the number of brush marks based on the pen pressure, pen tilt, position of the pen thumbwheel, or rotation of the pen. More Help topi[...]

347 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 • Pen Pressure, Pen Tilt, Stylus Wheel, Rotation Varies the depth based on the pen pressure, pen tilt, position of the pen thumbwheel, or rotation of the pen. More Help topics “ Adding brush dynamics ” on page 343 “ Create a brush and set painting options ” on page 340 Dual brushes[...]

348 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Brush strokes without color dynamics (left) and with color dynamics (right) Foreground/Background Jitter and Control Specifies how paint varies between the foreground color and background color. To specify a percentage by which the color of the paint can vary, type a number, or use the slide[...]

349 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Brush strokes without paint dynamics (left) and with paint dynamics (right) Opacity Jitter and Control Specifies how the opacity of paint varies in a brush stroke, up to (but not exceeding) the opacity value specified in the options bar. To specify a percentage by which the opacity of the pa[...]

350 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Copy textures between tools When you specify a texture for the current tool, you can copy the texture’s pattern and scale to all tools that support textures. For example, you can copy the current texture pattern and scale for the Brush tool to the Pencil, Clone Stamp, Pattern Stamp, Histor[...]

351 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 List of blending modes Choose from the Mode pop-up menu in the options bar. Note: Only the Normal, Dissolve, Darken, Multiply, Lighten, Linear Dodge (Add), Difference, Hue, Saturation, Color, Luminosity, Lighter Color, and Darker Color blending modes are available for 32-bit images. Normal E[...]

352 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 darkened, as if it were multiplied. This is useful for adding shadows to an image. Painting with pure black or white results in pure black or white. Vivid Light Burns or dodges the colors by increasing or decreasing the contrast, depending on the blend color. If the blend color (light source[...]

353 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Blending mode examples These examples show the result of painting part of the image’s face using each blending mode. For a video on blend modes, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0012 . Original Image Normal, 100% opacity Normal, 50% opacity Dissolve, 50% opacity Behind Clear Darken Multiply Color B[...]

354 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 More Help topics Using blend modes video Gradients Apply a gradient fill The Gradient tool creates a gradual blend between multiple colors. You can choose from preset gradient fills or create your own. Note: The Gradient tool cannot be used with bitmap or indexed-color images. You fill an ar[...]

355 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 4 Select an option for applying the gradient fill in the options bar: Linear gradient Shades from the starting point to the ending point in a straight line. Radial gradient Shades from the starting point to the ending point in a circular pattern. Angle gradient Shades in a counterclockwise s[...]

356 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Return to the default library of preset gradients ❖ Choose Reset Gradients from the panel menu. You can either replace the current list or append the default library to the current list. Change how preset gradients are displayed ❖ Choose a display option from the panel menu: Text Only Di[...]

357 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Click inside the gradient sample in the options bar to display the Gradient Editor dialog box. 3 To base the new gradient on an existing gradient, select a gradient in the Presets section of the dialog box. 4 Choose Solid from the Gradient Type pop-up menu. 5 To define the starting color o[...]

358 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 5 To adjust the location of the starting or ending opacity, do one of the following: • Drag the corresponding opacity stop to the left or right. • Select the corresponding opacity stop, and enter a value for Location. 6 To adjust the location of the midpoint opacity (the point midway bet[...]

359 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Filling and stroking selections, layers, and paths You can fill the inside of a selection, path, or layer with a color or pattern. You can also add color to the outline of a selection or path, called stroking. Fill with the Paint Bucket tool The Paint Bucket tool fills adjacent pixels that a[...]

360 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 5 Specify the blending mode and opacity for the paint. (See “ List of blending modes ” on page 351.) 6 If you’re working in a layer and want to fill only areas containing pixels, choose Preserve Transparency. 7 Click the OK button to apply the fill. To apply a foreground color fill onl[...]

361 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 7 If you’re working in a layer and want to stroke only areas containing pixels, select the Preserve Transparency option. (See “ Lock layers ” on page 294.) More Help topics “ Stroke paths with color ” on page 388 Draw a circle or square You can draw a circle or square using the ell[...]

362 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 Define an image as a preset pattern 1 Use the Rectangle Marquee tool on any open image to select an area to use as a pattern. Feather must be set to 0 pixels. Note that large images may become unwieldy. 2 Choose Edit > Define Pattern. 3 Enter a name for the pattern in the Pattern Name dia[...]

363 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Painting La s t updated 1/10/2010 • Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), position the pointer over a pattern (the pointer turns into scissors), and click. The pattern is deleted only from the displayed group. To display the full library again, see “ Load a library of patterns ” on page 362.[...]

364 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 12: Drawing The drawing tools (the Pen and shape tools) let you create and edit vector shapes. You can work with shapes in shape layers and as paths; you can also create rasterized shapes, which can be edited with the painting tools. The drawing tools provide an easy way to create buttons, navigation bars, and o[...]

365 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Paths Draws a work path on the current layer that you can then use to make a selection, create a vector mask, or fill and stroke with color to create raster graphics (much as you would using a painting tool). A work path is temporary unless you save it. Paths appear in the Paths panel. Fill P[...]

366 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Drawing from the corner (left) and drawing from the center (right) Note: Drawing from the center out is the default behavior of the Star tool in Illustrator and the Polygon tool in Illustrator and Photoshop. More Help topics “ Edit shapes ” on page 368 “ Drawing and type tools gallery ?[...]

367 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 5 Drag within the new shape to create the cutout. When you release the mouse, the image underneath the new shape shows through. 6 To reposition either shape, click the Path Selection tool in the toolbox (it may be hidden by the Direct Selection tool ), and select the path. Drag it to its new [...]

368 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 4 Set additional tool-specific options. See “ Shape tool options ” on page 368. 5 Draw the shape. Edit shapes A shape is a fill layer linked to a vector mask. You can easily change the fill to a different color, a gradient, or a pattern by editing the shape’s fill layer. You can also ed[...]

369 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Proportional Renders a rectangle, rounded rectangle, or ellipse as a proportional shape based on the values you enter in the Width and Height text boxes. Radius For rounded rectangles, specifies the corner radius. For polygons, specifies the distance from the center of a polygon to the outer [...]

370 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Clicking Pen tool creates straight segments. 1 Select the Pen tool. 2 Position the Pen tool where you want the straight segment to begin, and click to define the first anchor point (do not drag). Note: The first segment you draw will not be visible until you click a second anchor point. (Sele[...]

371 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Hold down the Shift key to constrain the tool to multiples of 45°. Drawing the first point in a curve A. Positioning Pen tool B. Starting to drag (mouse button pressed) C. Dragging to extend direction lines 4 Position the Pen tool where you want the curve segment to end, and do one of the fo[...]

372 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 6 Complete the path by doing one of the following: • To close the path, position the Pen tool over the first (hollow) anchor point. A small circle appears next to the Pen tool pointer when it is positioned correctly. Click or drag to close the path. Note: To close a path in InDesign, you ca[...]

373 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Drawing a straight segment followed by a curved segment (part 2) A. Positioning Pen tool B. Dragging direction line C. New curve segment completed Draw curves followed by straight lines 1 Using the Pen tool, drag to create the first smooth point of the curved segment, and release the mouse bu[...]

374 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Draw with the Freeform Pen tool The Freeform Pen tool lets you draw as if you were drawing with a pencil on paper. Anchor points are added automatically as you draw. You do not determine where the points are positioned, but you can adjust them once the path is complete. To draw with greater p[...]

375 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Click to add fastening points, and continue tracing. 4 If the border doesn’t snap to the desired edge, click once to add a fastening point manually and to keep the border from moving. Continue to trace the edge and add fastening points as needed. If you make a mistake, press Delete to remov[...]

376 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Change the size of path thumbnails Choose Panel Options from the Paths panel menu, and select a size, or select None to turn off the display of thumbnails. Change a path’s stacking order ❖ Select the path in the Paths panel, and drag the path up or down. When the heavy black line appears [...]

377 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Save a work path • To save without renaming, drag the work path name to the New Path button at the bottom of the Paths panel. • To save and rename, choose Save Path from the Paths panel menu, enter a new path name in the Save Path dialog box, and click OK. Rename a saved path ❖ Double-c[...]

378 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Smooth point and corner point When you move a direction line on a smooth point, the curved segments on both sides of the point are adjusted simultaneously. By comparison, when you move a direction line on a corner point, only the curve on the same side of the point as the direction line is ad[...]

379 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To select a path segment, select the Direct Selection tool , and click one of the segment’s anchor points, or drag a marquee over part of the segment. Drag a marquee to select segments. 2 To select additional path components or segments, select the Path Selection tool or the Direct Sele[...]

380 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Adjust the position or shape of curved segments 1 With the Direct Selection tool, select a curved segment, or an anchor point on either end of the curved segment. Direction lines appear, if any are present. (Some curved segments use just one direction line.) 2 Do any of the following: • To [...]

381 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 3 Do one of the following: • To create a corner point, position the Pen tool where you want to end the new segment, and click. If you are extending a path that ends at a smooth point, the new segment will be curved by the existing direction line. Note: In Illustrator, if you extend a path t[...]

382 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Choose a shape area option in the options bar: Add To Shape Area Adds the path area to overlapping path areas. Subtract From Shape Area Removes the path area from overlapping path areas. Intersect Shape Areas Restricts the area to the intersection of the selected path area and overlapping p[...]

383 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To copy and rename a path, Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) the path in the Paths panel to the New Path button at the bottom of the panel. Or select the path to copy, and choose Duplicate Path from the Paths panel menu. Enter a new name for the path in the Duplicate Path dialog [...]

384 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Add or delete anchor points Adding anchor points can give you more control over a path or it can extend an open path. However, it’s a good idea not to add more points than necessary. A path with fewer points is easier to edit, display, and print. You can reduce the complexity of a path by d[...]

385 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Dragging a direction point out of a corner point to create a smooth point • To convert a smooth point to a corner point without direction lines, click the smooth point. Clicking a smooth point to create a corner point • To convert a corner point without direction lines to a corner point w[...]

386 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Convert a path to a selection border using the current settings 1 Select the path in the Paths panel. 2 To convert the path, do one of the following: • Click the Load Path as a Selection button at the bottom of the Paths panel. • Ctrl-click (Windows) or Command-click (Mac OS) the path thu[...]

387 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 Tolerance values can range from 0.5 to 10 pixels and determine how sensitive the Make Work Path command is to slight changes in the selection shape. The higher the tolerance value, the fewer the anchor points used to draw the path and the smoother the path. If the path is used as a clipping p[...]

388 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 6 Choose Preserve Transparency to limit the fill to layer areas that contain pixels. (See “ Lock layers ” on page 294.) 7 Select a Rendering option: Feather Radius Defines how far inside and outside the selection border the feather edge extends. Enter a value in pixels. Anti-aliased Creat[...]

389 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Drawing La s t updated 1/10/2010 4 In the Stroke Path dialog box, choose a tool if you did not select one in step 2. To simulate hand-painted strokes, select Simulate Pressure. Or, deselect this option to create more linear, even strokes. 5 Click OK. More Help topics “ Stroke a selection or layer with color ” on page 360[...]

390 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 13: Filters You can use filters to apply special effects to images or to perform common image editing tasks, such as sharpening photos. This section provides an overview of Adobe Photoshop CS4 filters and how to apply them to images. Complete information on using some filters is available in other sections. Sear[...]

391 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Apply a filter from the Filter menu You can apply a filter to the active layer, or to a Smart Object. Filters applied to a Smart Object are nondestructive and can be readjusted at any time. 1 Do one of the following: • To apply a filter to an entire layer, make sure the layer is active or s[...]

392 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Filter Gallery dialog box A. Preview B. Filter category C. Thumbnail of selected filter D. Show/Hide filter thumbnails E. Filters pop-up menu F. Options for selected filter G. List of filter effects to apply or arrange H. Filter effect selected but not applied I. Filter effects applied cumula[...]

393 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To apply a filter non-destructively, so you can change your filter settings later, select the Smart Object that contains the image content that you want to filter. 2 Choose Filter > Filter Gallery. 3 Click a filter name to add the first filter. You may need to click the inverted triang[...]

394 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Tips for creating special effects Creating edge effects You can use various techniques to treat the edges of an effect applied to only part of an image. To leave a distinct edge, simply apply the filter. For a soft edge, feather the edge, and then apply the filter. For a transparent effect, a[...]

395 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Filter effects reference Artistic filters Filters from the Artistic submenu help you achieve painterly and artistic effects for a fine arts or commercial project. For example, use the Cutout filter for collages or typography. These filters replicate natural or traditional media effects. All t[...]

396 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Before (left) and after (right) using the Lens Blur filter; the background is blurred but the foreground stays sharp. Note: To apply a Blur filter to the edges of a layer, deselect the Lock Transparent Pixel option in the Layers panel. Average Finds the average color of an image or selection,[...]

397 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 transitions (Edge Only and Overlay Edge). Where significant contrast occurs, Edge Only applies black-and-white edges, and Overlay Edge applies white. Surface Blur Blurs an image while preserving edges. This filter is useful for creating special effects and for removing noise or graininess. Th[...]

398 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Polar Coordinates Converts a selection from its rectangular to polar coordinates, and vice versa, according to a selected option. You can use this filter to create a cylinder anamorphosis—an art form popular in the 18th century— in which the distorted image appears normal when viewed in a[...]

399 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Pixelate filters The filters in the Pixelate submenu sharply define a selection by clumping pixels of similar color values in cells. Color Halftone Simulates the effect of using an enlarged halftone screen on each channel of the image. For each channel, the filter divides the image into recta[...]

400 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Sharpen filters The Sharpen filters focus blurred images by increasing the contrast of adjacent pixels. Sharpen and Sharpen More Focus a selection and improve its clarity. The Sharpen More filter applies a stronger sharpening effect than does the Sharpen filter. Sharpen Edges and Unsharp Mask[...]

401 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Plaster Molds an image from 3D plaster, and then colorizes the result using the foreground and background color. Dark areas are raised, and light areas are recessed. Reticulation Simulates the controlled shrinking and distortion of film emulsion to create an image that appears clumped in the [...]

402 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Texture filters Use the Texture filters to simulate the appearance of depth or substance, or to add an organic look. Craquelure Paints an image onto a high-relief plaster surface, producing a fine network of cracks that follow the contours of the image. Use this filter to create an embossing [...]

403 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Offset Moves a selection a specified horizontal or vertical amount, leaving an empty space at the selection’s original location. You can fill the empty area with the current background color, with another part of the image, or with your choice of fill if the selection is near the edge of an[...]

404 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Defining undistorted areas The Displace, Shear, and Wave filters in the Distort submenu and the Offset filter in the Other submenu let you treat areas undefined (or unprotected) by the filter in the following ways: Wrap Around Fills the undefined space with content from the opposite edge of t[...]

405 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Apply the Color Halftone filter 1 Choose Filter > Pixelate > Color Halftone. 2 Enter a value in pixels for the maximum radius of a halftone dot, from 4 to 127. 3 Enter a screen-angle value (the angle of the dot from the true horizontal) for one or more channels: • For Grayscale images[...]

406 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Select the center text box, which represents the pixel being evaluated. Enter the value by which you want to multiply that pixel’s brightness value, from –999 to +999. 3 Select a text box representing an adjacent pixel. Enter the value by which you want the pixel in this position multip[...]

407 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Lighting Effects types You can choose from several lighting types: Omni Shines light in all directions from directly above the image—like a light bulb over a piece of paper. Directional Shines light from far away so that the light angle doesn’t change—like the sun. Spotlight Casts an el[...]

408 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Lighting Effects styles Use the Style menu in the Lighting Effects dialog box to choose from 17 light styles. You can also create your own lighting style by adding lights to the Default setting. The Lighting Effects filter requires at least one light source. Only one light can be edited at a [...]

409 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Filters La s t updated 1/10/2010 Use the Texture Channel in the Lighting Effects The Texture Channel in the Lighting Effects dialog box lets you control lighting effects using grayscale images (called bump maps ) that you add to your image as alpha channels. You can add any grayscale image to your image as an alpha channel, [...]

410 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 14: Type Type in Adobe Photoshop CS4 consists of vector-based type outlines—mathematically defined shapes that describe the letters, numbers, and symbols of a typeface . Many typefaces are available in more than one format, the most common formats being Type 1 (also called PostScript fonts), TrueType, OpenType[...]

411 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Entering type There are three ways to create type: at a point, inside a paragraph, and along a path. • Point type is a horizontal or vertical line of text that begins where you click in the image. Entering text at a point is a useful way to add a few words to your image. • Paragraph type use[...]

412 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Note: You can also transform point type while in edit mode. Hold down the Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS) key. A bounding box appears around the type. You can grab a handle to scale or skew the type. You can also rotate the bounding box. 5 When you finish entering or editing the type, do one [...]

413 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To rotate the bounding box, position the pointer outside the bounding border—the pointer turns into a curved, two-sided arrow —and drag. Shift-drag to constrain the rotation to 15° increments. To change the center of rotation, Ctrl-drag (Windows) or Command-drag (Mac OS) the center poin[...]

414 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 • Click the Cancel button or press ESC. More Help topics “ Formatting characters ” on page 417 “ Formatting paragraphs ” on page 429 “ Line and character spacing ” on page 425 “ Scaling and rotating type ” on page 428 “ Fonts ” on page 421 Specify curly or straight quotes T[...]

415 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Choose an option from the anti-aliasing menu in the options bar or the Character panel. Or, choose Layer > Type, and choose an option from the submenu. None Applies no anti-aliasing Sharp Type appears at its sharpest Crisp Type appears somewhat sharp Strong Type appears heavier Smooth Type [...]

416 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Choose Edit > Find And Replace Text. 3 In the Find What box, type or paste the text you want to find. To change the text, type the new text in the Change To text box. 4 Select one or more options to refine your search. Search All Layers Searches all layers in a document. This option is avai[...]

417 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Change the orientation of a type layer The orientation of a type layer determines the direction of type lines in relation to the document window (for point type) or the bounding box (for paragraph type). When a type layer is vertical, the type flows up and down; when a type layer is horizontal, [...]

418 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To use the arrow keys to select characters, click in the text, and then hold down Shift and press the Right Arrow or Left Arrow key. To use the keys to select words, hold down Shift+Ctrl (Windows) or Shift+Command (Mac OS) and press the Right Arrow or Left Arrow key. 4 To select all the char[...]

419 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 About Dynamic Shortcuts Dynamic Shortcuts are keyboard shortcuts that are accessible only when you are entering point or paragraph type, when type is selected, or when the I-beam is in text. You can view Dynamic Shortcuts in the Character panel menu when they are accessible. Dynamic Shortcuts ar[...]

420 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Change the type color The type you enter is rendered in the current foreground color; however, you can change the color before or after you enter type. When editing existing type layers, you can change the color of individual, selected characters or of all type in a layer. ❖ Do one of the foll[...]

421 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Note: The Underline Left and Underline Right options appear in the Character panel menu only when a type layer containing vertical type is selected. When working with vertical Asian type, you can add an underline on either side of the type line. • To apply a horizontal line through horizontal [...]

422 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 A type style is a variant version of an individual font in a font family. Typically, the Roman or Plain (the actual name varies from family to family) member of a font family is the base font, which may include type styles such as regular, bold, semibold, italic, and bold italic. If a font doesn[...]

423 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 The Font Family menu in both the Character panel and the options bar shows a preview of available fonts. You can choose a font family and style by typing its name in the text box. As you type, the name of the first font or style beginning with that letter appears. Continue typing until the corre[...]

424 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 OpenType fonts OpenType fonts use a single font file for both Windows® and Macintosh® computers, so you can move files from one platform to another without worrying about font substitution and other problems that cause text to reflow. They may include a number of features, such as swashes and [...]

425 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Contextual Alternates Are alternative characters included in some script typefaces to provide better joining behavior. For example, when using Caflisch Script Pro with contextual alternatives enabled, the letter pair “bl” in the word “bloom” is joined so that it looks more like handwriti[...]

426 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Five-point type with 6-point leading (left) and with 12-point leading (right) More Help topics “ About Asian type ” on page 440 Set the leading 1 Select the characters you want to change. If you don’t select any text, the leading applies to new text you create. 2 In the Character panel, se[...]

427 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Kerning and tracking options A. Original text B. Text with optical kerning C. Text with manual kerning between W and a D. Text with tracking E. Cumulative kerning and tracking You can also use manual kerning , which is ideal for adjusting the space between two letters. Tracking and manual kernin[...]

428 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Shift the baseline Use Baseline Shift to move selected characters up or down relative to the baseline of the surrounding text. Shifting the baseline is especially useful when you’re hand-setting fractions or adjusting the position of a picture font. 1 Select the characters or type objects you [...]

429 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Rotate type ❖ Do the following: • To rotate type, select the type layer and use any rotate command or the Free Transform command. For paragraph type, you can also select the bounding box and use a handle to rotate the type manually. • To rotate multiple characters in vertical Asian text, u[...]

430 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 • To apply formatting to all paragraphs in the layer, select the type layer in the Layers panel. More Help topics “ Formatting characters ” on page 417 “ Line and character spacing ” on page 425 “ Scaling and rotating type ” on page 428 “ Editing text ” on page 413 Paragraph pa[...]

431 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 The options for vertical type are: Top Align Text Aligns type to the top, leaving the bottom edge of the paragraph ragged. Center Text Aligns type to the center, leaving both the top and bottom edges of the paragraph ragged. Bottom Align Text Aligns type to the bottom, leaving the top edge of th[...]

432 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Letter Spacing The distance between letters, including kerning or tracking values. Letter Spacing values can range from –100% to 500%; at 0%, no space is added between letters; at 100% , an entire space width is added between letters. Glyph Spacing The width of characters (a glyph is any font [...]

433 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Paragraph without hanging punctuation (left) compared to paragraph with hanging punctuation (right) 1 Do one of the following: • Select a type layer if you want all the paragraphs in that type layer to be affected. • Select the paragraphs you want affected. 2 Choose Roman Hanging Punctuation[...]

434 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Hyphenate Capitalized Words Deselect to prevent capitalized words from being hyphenated. Note: Hyphenation settings apply only to Roman characters; double-byte characters available in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean fonts are not affected by these settings. Prevent words from breaking You can prev[...]

435 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Creating type effects About type effects You can perform various operations on type to change its appearance. For example, you can warp type, convert type to shapes, or add a drop shadow to type. One of the easiest ways to create type effects is to play the default Text Effects actions that come[...]

436 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Enter type along a path 1 Do one of the following: • Select the Horizontal Type tool or the Vertical Type tool . • Select the Horizontal Type Mask tool or the Vertical Type Mask tool . 2 Position the pointer so that the baseline indicator of the type tool is on the path and click. After you [...]

437 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Move a path with type ❖ Select the Path Selection tool or the Move tool , and then click and drag the path to a new position. If you use the Path Selection tool, make sure that the pointer does not change to an I-beam with an arrow or you’ll move the type along the path. Change the shape of [...]

438 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Unwarp type 1 Select a type layer that has warping applied to it. 2 Select a type tool and click the Warp button in the options bar, or choose Layer > Type > Warp Text. 3 Choose None from the Style pop-up menu, and click OK. Create a work path from type You can work with type characters as[...]

439 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 2 Click the Layer Style button at the bottom of the Layers panel and choose Drop Shadow from the list that appears. 3 If possible, position the Layer Style dialog box so that you can see the layer and its drop shadow. 4 Adjust the settings to your liking. You can change various aspects of the sh[...]

440 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Asian type About Asian type Photoshop provides several options for working with Chinese, Japanese, and Korean type. Characters in Asian fonts are often referred to as double-byte characters. Note: Your operating system must support the languages in which you wish to work. Consult your system sof[...]

441 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Use tate-chu-yoko Tate-chu-yoko (also called kumimoji and renmoji ) is a block of horizontal type laid out within vertical type lines. Using tate-chu-yoko makes it easier to read half-width characters such as numbers, dates, and short foreign words in vertical text. Numerals without tate-chu-yok[...]

442 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Specify left and right underlining with Asian type 1 Select vertical type. 2 Choose either Underline Left or Underline Right from the Character panel menu. Set Asian OpenType font attributes Asian OpenType fonts may include a number of features that aren’t available in current PostScript and T[...]

443 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Kotoeri Character panel A. View menu B. Font menu C. Character Information D. Insert With Font button 6 Choose an Asian OpenType font from the Font menu. 7 Do one of the following: • (Windows) Select the character you want to use, click Select, click Copy, and then paste it in Photoshop. • ([...]

444 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Mojikumi Set 2 Uses full-width spacing for most characters except the last character in the line. Mojikumi Set 1, and Mojikumi Set 2 Mojikumi Set 3 Uses full-width spacing for most characters and the last character in the line. Mojikumi Set 4 Uses full-width spacing for all characters. Mojikumi [...]

445 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Type La s t updated 1/10/2010 Specify a kinsoku line-breaking option ❖ From the Paragraph panel menu, choose Kinsoku Shori Type and then choose one of the following methods: Push In First Moves characters up to the previous line to prevent prohibited characters from ending or beginning a line. Push Out First Moves characte[...]

446 La s t updated 1/10/2010 Chapter 15: Saving and exporting images Adobe Photoshop CS4 supports a variety of file formats to suit a wide range of output needs. You can save or export your image to any of these formats. You can also use special Photoshop features to add information to files, set up multiple page layouts, and place images in other [...]

447 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 More Help topics “ Duplicate an image ” on page 36 “ Save a camera raw image in another format ” on page 86 “ Make a snapshot of an image ” on page 49 Save changes to the current file ❖ Choose File > Save. Save a file with a different name, location, or fo[...]

448 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Image Previews options (Mac OS) Saves thumbnail data for the file. Thumbnails appear in the Open dialog box. File Extension options (Mac OS) Specifies the format for file extensions. Select Append to add the format’s extension to a filename and Use Lower Case to make the[...]

449 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 More Help topics “ Large Document Format ” on page 467 “ Photoshop Raw format ” on page 465 “ TIFF ” on page 469 Testing Photoshop images for mobile devices with Adobe Device Central Device Central enables Photoshop users to preview how Photoshop files will loo[...]

450 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 13 To test the file again with the new export settings, click the Device Central button. 1 4 When you are satisfied with the results, click Save in the Photoshop Save For Web & Devices dialog box. Note: To open Device Central from Photoshop (instead of creating and tes[...]

451 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 3 (Optional) Choose options from the Standard menu and the Compatibility menu to specify the PDF/X compliance and the Acrobat version compatibility for the PDF document. For more information, see “ PDF compatibility levels ” on page 453. 4 (Optional) Select General in [...]

452 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Review your PDF settings periodically. The settings do not automatically revert to the default settings. Applications and utilities that create PDFs use the last set of PDF settings defined or selected. High Quality Print Creates PDFs for quality printing on desktop printe[...]

453 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 Smallest File Size Creates PDF files for displaying on the web, an intranet, or for email distribution. This set of options uses compression, downsampling, and a relatively low image resolution. It converts all colors to sRGB and embeds fonts. It also optimizes files for b[...]

454 USING PHOTOSHOP CS4 Saving and exporting images La s t updated 1/10/2010 General options for Adobe PDF You can set the following options in the General section of the Adobe PDF Options dialog box: Description Displays the description from the selected preset, and provides a place for you to edit the description. You can paste a description from[...]