IBM I5/OS Bedienungsanleitung

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Common Europe Luxembourg Introducing IBM eServer i5 & i5/OS LPAR i5 “Up-to-Date” : Logical Partitions on the IBM Power5 by Eddy PASTEGER 1 2[...]

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Introduction 3 i Series. my Series. Introduction Objectives  Understand the LPAR f unctionality as implemented on the IBM P ower5 servers  Understand planning considerations and system requirements Warning  This presentation is built on functionalities av aila[...]

i Series. my Series. Logical P artitioning on the IBM P ower5 Agenda  Chapter 1. Architecture  Chapter 2. Resources Management Concepts  Chapter 3. LPAR -Capable i5 Models  Chapter 4. Planning  Chapter 5. Hardware Management Console  Chapter 6. Virtual Partition Manager 5 i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitio[...]

i Series. my Series. Architecture HMC Service Processor Processor Complex Main Storage I/O Subsystem NVRAM Permanent T emporary The Service Processor  Standard built-in, independent component of ev ery eServer i5 or p5  Own processor , memory and boot code  NVRAM stores the “firmware” and the LPAR configur ation 7 i Series. my Series. [...]

i Series. my Series. Architecture HMC Service Processor Processor Complex Main Storage I/O Subsystem Power Hypervisor P1 P2 P3 P4 The Service Processor (aka SP)  Once you power on the system ...  The SP turns on the system power  All I/O towers via SPCN  Control panel shows C7xx progress codes  Runs diagnostic routines to verify syst[...]

i Series. my Series. Architecture The Power Hypervisor Functions  Virtual processor support  Allocation of physical processor time to partition thru “virtual processors”  Virtual memory management  Allocation of physical memory to partition thru “virtual memory”  Virtual hardware support  Processors  OptiConnect  SCS[...]

i Series. my Series. Architecture TIMI HMC Hardware Power Hypervisor P1 P2 P3 P4 SLIC i5/OS Open Firmware RTAS Linux Open Firmware RTAS AIX Starting a LINUX or AIX partition  Hypervisor will operates ...  Open Firmware contains boot-time driv ers and the boot manager  RT AS is a service that passes platform-dependent system calls to the Hy[...]

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Resources Management Concepts 15 i Series. my Series. R esources Management Concepts What is “logical partitioning” ?  The ability to make a single server run as if it were many independent systems  Each logical system is called a “Partition”  Each par[...]

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Resources Management Concepts Processor 17 i Series. my Series. R esources Management Concepts Processor Concepts  Dedicated vs. Shared Processors  Virtual Processors  Capped vs. Uncapped Processors  Considerations about LP AR and SMT 18[...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts Physical Processors Shared Dedicated P1 P2 P3 Inactive Processor Concepts 19 i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts Dedicated Processors  A “dedicated processor” refers to a whole processor that is dedicated to a single partition  One or more processors can be dedicated to a partition  The most [...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts Shared Processors  A “shared processor” allows to assign partial processors to a partition  Physical processors lives in a “shared processor pool”  By default, any unassigned processor is a member of the shared processor pool 21 i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts 20 milliseconds of proce[...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts 20 milliseconds of processor time 10 milliseconds P1 P2 P3 Shared Processors 23 i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts Shared Processors  Rules & requirements :  A processing unit (PU) represents the cycles of a single processor  At least 0.10 PU (1 millisecond)  Granularity of mov ements : 0[...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts Potential Shared Processors Penalty  Increase the possibility that job’ s won’ t complete, and :  Have to be re-dispatched, and potentially have to reload cache  Increase the chance of a cache miss  Reduce the chance for processor/memory af finity  Increase the Power Hypervisor work :  T[...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts 20 milliseconds of processor time 10 milliseconds P1 P2 P3 Virtual Processors 27 i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts 20 milliseconds of processor time 10 milliseconds P1 P2 P3 Virtual Processors 28[...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts Virtual Processors  Rules & requirements :  It is possible to allocate more virtual processors than there are in the shared processor pool  The actual number of processor in the shared processor pool is a “floating” number  A single physical processor can report in the system as a n-ways ?[...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts Dedicated, Shared, Capped or Uncapped ?  How to decide on using :  Dedicated or shared processors ?  If using shared processors, it is to be capped or uncapped ?  And ... how many virtual processors do I allocate ?  The best performance may be achieved by using dedicated processors ...  Howe[...]

i Series. my Series. Processor Concepts About Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT)  SMT is a technology that allows a single CPU to be seen logically as 2 logical CPU  Physical processor  Logical processors  SMT allows 2 threads to run simultaneously on the same processor  Using different execution units, or “pipes”  SMT optimiz[...]

i Series. my Series. Main Storage Concepts Memory Allocation Facts  Power4 Hypervisor allowed memory manipulation at the single megabyte (1MB) lev el  Memory in the Power5 machines cannot be manipulated that finely :  Memory must be assigned or moved in blocks  Theses blocks are called “Logical Memory Blocks (LMB)” or “Memory Regi[...]

i Series. my Series. Main Storage Concepts Memory Allocation Facts  A “Hardware P age T able (HPT)” is needed to manage memory  Power4 Hypervisor reserved HPT within partition memory  Power5 Hypervisor allocates HPT separ ately from partition memory  Size of the HPT depends of the maximum memory amount the partition can receive  [...]

i Series. my Series. Main Storage Concepts Memory Allocation Facts  Power4 Hypervisor allocated memory equally from all nodes  This leads to more “remote” memory access  Power5 h ypervisor tries to do better ...  Processors are assigned on the fewest nodes possible  Configured memory will be assigned keeping as much memory as pos[...]

i Series. my Series. I/O Concepts I/O Facts  I/O allocations are done at slot level  A single slot can be allocated  I/O structure must be understood for proper configuration ! 41 i Series. my Series. I/O Concepts Power5 System Main Storage Bus Main Storage I/O Hub HSL Loop 845 GB/s 44 GB/s 2 GB/s Hierarchy of Microprocessors 42[...]

i Series. my Series. I/O Concepts IOP PCI-X Bus I/O Bridge HSL Loop IOA IOA IOA 2 GB/s 133 MHz Hierarchy of Microprocessors 43 i Series. my Series. I/O Concepts I/O Facts  I/O allocations are done at slot level  A single slot can be allocated  BUS/IOP/IOA requirements must be met !  Allocate a slot as “desired”  If the resource i[...]

i Series. my Series. I/O Concepts CPU IOP IOA CPU IOA IOP-Less IOAs 45 i Series. my Series. I/O Concepts I/O Facts  Once allocated, some I/O resources needs to be identified  Load-Source Unit resource  T ells the hypervisor which IOA drives the LSU  This is mandatory  Alternate-IPL resource  T ells the hypervisor which IOA drives [...]

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Resources Management Concepts Virtual I/O 47 i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Virtual I/O Facts  Each partition has virtual I/O slots  The number of slots is configurable  The more virtual slots you configure, the more the hypervisor will need memory [...]

i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Power Hypervisor Partition Virtual Bus Virtual Slot Virtual IOP Virtual Slot Virtual IOA Virtual Slot Virtual IOA Virtual Slot Virtual IOA Virtual Serial Virtual Ethernet Virtual SCSI 49 i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Virtual I/O Facts  What is dynamic  As for physical I/O adapters, virtual[...]

i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Virtual Serial  Virtual serial adapter provides point-to-point connection between  The partition and the HMC  The partition and another partition  Purpose  Virtual console  Virtual terminal  Par ameters  Slot number  Adapter type : server or client  Connection information : who[...]

i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Virtual Ethernet Power Hypervisor Virtual LAN #X Virtual LAN #Y P1 P2 P3 53 i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Virtual SCSI  Virtual SCSI adapter provides SCSI storage services connection between partitions  Purpose  Storage virtualization  Par ameters  Slot number  Adapter type : s[...]

i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Virtual SCSI P1 S P2 C Power Hypervisor SCSI Server SCSI Client 55 i Series. my Series. Virtual I/O Concepts Virtual OptiConnect  What is OptiConnect ?  Stands for OPTImized CONNECTion  Provides very high performance communications between systems  W orks at HSL bus speed : 2 GB/s (20 Gbps) ! ?[...]

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Dynamic LPAR ! 57 i Series. my Series. Dynamic LP AR What is called “Dynamic Logical Partitioning”  The ability to add, move or remo ve resources without system disruption 58[...]

i Series. my Series. Dynamic LP AR What can be changed dynamically !  Processors  Within established minimum and maximum  Configuration maintained in the partition profile  Changes to minimum or maximum requires partition deactivation an reactiv ation  Granularity of mov es  Dedicated processors : 1 processor  Shared processors[...]

i Series. my Series. Dynamic LP AR What can be changed dynamically !  I/O Slots  Only “desired” slots can be moved !  Remember i5/OS still needs IOPs  An IOP without IOA is functional but not very useful  An IOA without IOP is nothing  BUS/IOP/IOA requirements must be kept !  Remember “IOP-less” IOAs  Ethernet adapte[...]

i Series. my Series. Dynamic LP AR What can be changed dynamically !  Virtual I/O Slots  Can only be filled or emptied  Cannot be moved from one partition to another  Only “desired” slots can be moved !  Configuration maintained in the partition profile  Changes to the desired/required status of a slot requires partition deact[...]

i Series. my Series. IBM eServer i5/520 Model i5/520 - 1000 CPW  Processor : 1-W ay Power5, 1.50GHz, L1+L2 Cache  Processing units available : 0.43  Maximum partitions : 4 Model i5/520 - 2400 CPW  Processor : 1-W ay Power5, 1.50GHz, L1+L2 Cache  Processing units available : 1.00  Maximum partitions : 10 Model i5/520 - 3300 CPW [...]

i Series. my Series. IBM eServer i5/570 Model i5/570 - CoD from 3300 to 44700 CPW  Minimal Configuration  Processor : 1-W ays Power5, 1.65GHz, L1+L2+L3 Cache  Processing units available : 1.0  Maximum partitions : 10  Maximal Configuration  Processor : 16-W ays Power5, 1.65GHz, L1+L2+L3 Cache  Processing units available : 16.0 [...]

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Planning 69 i Series. my Series. Planning Think ...  Understand eServer i5 capabilities  Review previous chapters ...  System Builder !  Understand Operating S ystem requirements  i5/OS  Linux  AIX 70[...]

i Series. my Series. Planning Requirements for i5/OS  Are mandatory :  At least 0.10 processing unit  Commonly represents +/- 330 CPW  At least 256 MB of main storage  Just enough to load and start SLIC & i5/OS ... plan a few bit more to open a session !  One direct-at tach (internal) disk unit (LSU)  Minimum size : 8.58 GB[...]

i Series. my Series. Planning About Linux and AIX ...  CPW  Commercial Processing W orkload  Representative f or a commercial workload environment  W orkload composed by CPU and I/O operations  rPerf  Relative P erformance  Derived from multiple “standard” benchmarks  TPC : T echnical Publication Center  SPEC : System[...]

i Series. my Series. Planning Requirements for Linux/AIX 5L v5.3  Are mandatory :  At least 0.10 processing unit  Some memory ... depending on the applications you’ll have to run !  One disk unit ...  Physical or ... virtual !  One console  Can be a HMC thru virtual serial port  One alternate boot device  CD or DVD ... [...]

i Series. my Series. Planning Requirements for AIX 5L v5.2  REMEMBER : this version of AIX does NO T SUPPORT “virtual things” !  Virtual processors cannot be used ...  Memory cannot be dynamically assigned ...  No virtual networks, nor virtual storage can be used  Virtual console can be used !  Are mandatory :  At least 1 d[...]

i Series. my Series. Planning Know restrictions  At this time, Linux/AIX partitions does not handle any IOA with an IOP placed in an upstream position on the same bus !  This means that you cannot share a bus between a Linux/AIX partition and an i5/OS partition  This means that you cannot switch a device between a Linux/AIX partition and a[...]

i Series. my Series. Planning ... Think ...  Make a capacity planning  Determine your needs  Inventory existing system  Determine which component may/will be reused  Build a new system  V alidate the new system  Use LPAR V alidater T ool  Call IBM or a Business Partner  Consider to upgrade existing system to supported OS [...]

i Series. my Series. Planning ... Then act !  Backup existing system  T wice !  Perf orm physical installation  Install every hardware piece at its planned position  Install and configure HMC  Setup wizard !  Power on the new system to “Hypervisor Stand-by” mode  Create LPAR definitions  Start or reload  If disk we[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console What is it ?  Hardware dedicated to console functions  Used to create and maintain a multiple-partitioned environment  Startup & shutdown partitions  Performing resource mo vements  Displaying a virtual console  Displaying a virtual operator panel  Detecting, reporting and so[...]

i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Hardware Management Console Connecting HMC 87 i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Ethernet Ports  Private L AN  Open LAN  Auto-MDIX ports  Medium Dependent Interface Crossover Service & Support ETH0 ETH1 HMC HMC1 LAN1 HMC2 LAN2 88[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Simple HMC connection Service & Support ETH0 ETH1 HMC HMC1 LAN1 HMC2 LAN2 89 i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Cloning HMC configuration  System profiles and partition profiles are stored in SP’ s NVRAM  When SP detects that a redundant HMC is connected :  SP copies NVRA[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Redundant HMC configuration considerations  Both HMCs can be used concurrently  Both are fully active and accessible at all times  Both enabling you to perform management tasks at any time  SP provides a lock -mechanism to allow operations in a parallel environment  When one HMC issues[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Private indirect networking Service & Support Private LAN ETH0 ETH1 HMC HMC1 LAN1 HMC2 LAN2 Service & Support ETH0 ETH1 HMC HMC1 LAN1 HMC2 LAN2 ETH0 ETH1 HMC HMC1 LAN1 HMC2 LAN2 93 i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Service & Support Open LAN Private LAN ETH0 ETH1 HMC HMC1 L[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Internet HMC HMC C C C S Working with HMC in open networks 95 i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Hardware Management Console HMC Functionalities 96[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Server Management  Physical systems  Logical partitions  Partition profiles  S y stem p rofiles 97 i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console HMC Code Update  Gets and install HMC version, releases and hot fixes  Via removable media, local FTP server or internet (IBM service F[...]

i Series. my Series. Licensed Internal Code Updates  Manages managed systems’ firmware  Installed (T emporary), activ ated and Accepted (Permanent) 99 i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console HMC Users  Define users  Define roles 100[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console HMC Configuration  All HMC parameters  Date, time, network, ... 101 i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Service Agent Configuration  Notify problems  Kind of problems : “all” or “home-call”  T o the user : via SMTP  T o the service : via PSTN, VPN or another HMC[...]

i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Remote Support  Connectivity : outbound and inbound  Via SMTP or VPN 103 i Series. my Series. Hardware Management Console Service Focal Point  Manage reported events and errors  Concurrent maintenance  Service utilities  Access to control panel service functions (e.g. Function 21 - [...]

i Series. my Series. One more thing ... 105 i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBM P ower5 Virtual Partition Manager 106[...]

i Series. my Series. Virtual P artition Manager What is it ?  VPM introduces a way to create and manage Linux partitions without the use of a HMC  VPM allows small and medium configuration to add simple Linux workloads Available on May 27th, 2005 (tomorrow) ! 107 i Series. my Series. Virtual P artition Manager Planning for VPM ...  An IPL [...]

i Series. my Series. Virtual P artition Manager Planning for VPM ...  Automatic processor balancing between i5/OS and Linux partition is supported  Thru uncapped shared processor  Dynamic movements of resources (processor , memory and I/O) is not supported  Partition must be restarted for the changes to tak e effects  Capacity on Dem[...]

i Series. my Series. Questions & Answers 111 i Series. my Series. i Series. my Series. Logical P artitions on the IBML P ower5 Bibliography 112[...]

i Series. my Series. Bibliograph y ibm.com /redbooks Front co ver Logical Partitions on the IBM PowerPC he IBM PowerPC A Guide to Working with LPAR on Power5 i5 Servers Dale Barrick Ivan Berrios Ron Carter Ron Frantish Ed Gerwill Marco Guadagno Shashank Jamgavkar Steve Mann Andrei Matetic Alain Plu Ian Smith Nick Harris Understand the new logical p[...]

i Series. my Series. Bibliograph y ibm.com /redbooks Red paper Front co ver Virtual Partition Manager ger A Guide to Planning lanning and Implementation Amit Dave Erwin Earley Nick Harris Fant Steele Learn about the Virtual Partition Manager (VPM) Review planning guidance for an eServer i5 server with VPM Create partitions and allocate virtual reso[...]

i Series. my Series. Thank You ! 117 i Series. my Series. REAL Solutions S.A. Rue d’Eich, 33 L -1461 Luxembourg Eddy Pasteger System Engineer Manager iSeries Certified Solutions Expert V oice : (+352) 43 65 22 1 F ax : (+352) 42 26 38 E-mail : eddy .pasteger@real.lu Contact Information 118[...]